The Study On Non-specialization Of The Acception Of Technical Terms

Starting with the technical terms of non-specialized acceptation(TTNA) which areembodied in A Chinese Dictionary (edition of 1962) and The Modern Chinese Dictionary(edition of 1978, 2002 and 2005), Combining some other technical terms which are collectedfrom the press and media ,which are still in the process of non-specialization of acceptation,and adopting the research method of combination of quantitative analysis and qualitativeanalysis, this article discusses the technical terms of non-specialized acceptation from thefollowing aspects:On the basis of plentiful research, this article diachronically and synchronously analysesTTNA from the aspects of quantity, the distributing of subject fields and part of speech, andthe process of development. In terms of quantity: the amount of TTNA presents the current ofincrease by degrees. In terms of subject field, TTNA has been in the process of increase andhas shown un-balanced feature in distribution. In terms of part of speech: TTNA mainlyincludes nouns, nominal words and expressions, verbs and verbal words and expressions, andafter the non-specialization of the acceptation, the grammatical character of the technicalterms does not change. In terms of the course: non-specialization of acceptation of thetechnical terms is a dynamic course of development. On the basis of comprehensivedescription and analysis of the non-specialization of the acceptation of the technical terms, thecreating rules of it are summed up in this article. First, there is a "starting point" in thenon-specialization of the acceptation of the technical terms;second, the non-specialization ofthe acceptation of the technical terms is a step-by-step course, normally there are three stages,that is the professional meaning of the technical terms is well known;technical terms arefrequently used in the non-professional context;the temporary meaning in thenon-professional context is abstractly merged into steady non-specialization meaning.There are many reasons for the non-specialization of the acceptation, besides thecomprehensive social cause and the cause of the language itself;the most importantdeep-seated mental mechanism is the human's metaphorical way of thought. Because of themetaphorical way of thought, people use one kind of concept to express another one and forma mapping between the two conceptual domains. Therefore, in terms of the professionalacceptation "starting point" of the technical terms, through the association of comparabilityand by using the technical terms into the non-professional field, people achieve thenon-specialization of acceptation. There is a bright future for the non-specialization of thetechnical terms, and it is an important approach to enlarge vocabulary, and it is also animportant method for concrete words to produce new meaning, and so it has a uniquepragmatic value and more and more profound social foundation.Through the analysis and research of the non-specialization of acceptation, not only canpeople comprehensively and systemically understand this language phenomenon, but alsobring forth the development and evolvement of the acceptation of the contemporary Chinese,and the analysis and research can reflect the co-variation of language and society.