The Material Life Of The Chahaer Area In Late Qing Dynasty And Early Republican China

The chahaer area was situated at the area north of the Great Wall, the vastterritory with a sparse population. The climate was severely cold, the soil texturewas rocky and infertile, the illness grain, the majority produced the coarse ediblegrain. Adds to the transportation was inconvenient, the mountain did not havethe forest generally, the agriculture presented the depressed scene. And theindustry and commerce did not developed, the mutiny, bandit and naturaldisaster also were frequency. All these situations caused the material life level ofthe chahaer area to be extremely dull and deficient. At the same time, thechahaer area also may divide into three parts according to these differences ofthe topography, the climate and social condition. However, the developmentsituation of the three parts also did not balanced, displayed the differentcharacteristics respectively. That inevitably caused the material life level ofpeople to be dissimilar, and the material life of the chahaer area displayed theimbalance and regional characteristics. Along with opening up wasteland of thechahaer area at the end of the Qing, the Han Nationality immigrants inrushedabundantly, and started to settle down leading to end up the life which is like awild geese in flight. To a certain extent, they more or less has influenced the lifestyles of the Mongolian. Thus, the material life of chahaer area inevitably had gotten the characteristic, which had the immigration characteristic and theMongolian national minority assimilated by the Chinese. In 1911, XinhaiRevolution had overthrown the imperialism and built the Republic of China. Ithad caused tremendous political influences and formed the democracy and thefreedom atmosphere. The value of people also changed, as well as the materiallife also started to present the multiple tendencies.This paper altogether consists of three parts: the introduction, the mainbody and the conclusion. The introduction mainly introduces the significance ofthis selected article topic, the present situations of the academe to the chahararea researches. It also concludes the historical materials of this paper and theevolutions of the chahar area.The main body is divided into three sections. The first section mainlyintroduces the material life of the chahar area of the Han Nationality and theMongolian national minority by four aspects: cloth, food, habitation, and meansof traveling; The second section analyzes six major characteristics of thematerial life; The reasons are discussed in the third section. And the reasonsmainly focuses on the geographical environment, the natural conditions, politics,economies and the society four big aspects.The last section is the conclusion. In the conclusion, author summarizes thefull paper and raises the new problems...