Studies On The Order Of The Directional Complement And The Object Behind The Verb

The directional complement is acted as by trend verb that appears after the verb,and it is a quite special category in the Modern Chinese.Behind the verb,besides has the directional complement,if stimultaneously has the object,it is inevitably that will involve the order of the directional complement and the object.According to previous research,when the directional complement and the object appear together behind the verb,their order will have three possibilities:A.Verb+Trend Verb+Object B.Verb+Object+Trend Verb C.Verb+Trend Verb1+Object+Trend Verb2.Corpus demonstrates that not all verbs can have these three combinations.The article regards the order of the directional complement and the object as the research object,bases on the former scholar's research results,analyses a large number of language facts, combines with the relevant knowledge of cognitive linguistics theory,and explains the order distribution of the directional complement and the object,which exist behind the verb.According to different directional complements,the article divides the order of the directional complement and the object into three situations:(1)The distribution of the order of (a) kind of directional complement and the object behind the verbIn the Modern Chinese,there is only one order,we can use A form,but can not use B form.(2)The distribution of the order of (b) kind of directional complement and the object behing the verbAccording to different objects,there are three situations:①With Agent Object.In the displacement verbs,only type (Ⅰ) can have the Agent Object.Generally,we only use A form,and the directional complement is only restricted in"来",not"去".②With Patient Object.In the displacement verbs,only type (Ⅱ) can have the Patient Object.Both A and B forms can be used,and the directional complement can be "来",and"去".③With Locative Object.Both the type (Ⅰ) and type (Ⅱ) verbs can have the Locative Object.The directional complement can be"来",also can be"去",but only have B form.(3)The distribution of the order of (c) kind of directional complement and the object behind the verbAccording to different objects,tthere are three situations:①With Agent Object.Only type (Ⅰ) verbs can have the Agent Object.When the directional complements are"～来",we can use A and C forms,can not B form.When the directional complements are"～去",only can we use A form.②With Patient Object.Only type (Ⅱ) verbs can have the Patient Object.Not only"～来",but also"～去",can we use A,B,C forms.③With Locative Object.Only C form can be used.Through studies,we find that every kind of distribution has its own cognitive principle.Generally speaking,the reason is related to two cognitive concepts:(1)The cognitive alility of"self-centered".Johnson believes that human knows the world first through their body.Human's cognitive style has its material basis and physiological foundation.So,the"self-centered"is human's cognitive instinct.(2)Iconicity principle.In a considerable degree,the grammatical structure and the human's understanding of the world have corresponding and similar relationship,and the grammatical structure is the model of the human's experience structure.Iconicity principle includes two aspects:one is"element iconicity",that is,the units of language structure and conceptual structure are similar.The another one is"relationship iconicity",that is,the relationship of the units of language structure and the relationship of the units of conceptual structure are corresponding.From a cognitive point,analyzing and researching the order of the directional complement and the object behind the Verb have a double meaning in theory and in practice for teaching Chinese as a foreign language,as well as for Chinese information processing theory.