A New Study Of Zhou Zuoren's Early Thoughts On "Humanism"

Zhou Zuoren's many important articles around "human literature" have a significant impact at that time,and get the angles on history of literature and thought,until now they are still very precious historical document.The thought on "humanism" contained by Zhou's articles at least have important meanings at the development history of Modern and Contemporary Chinese Literature,it has a significant position espicially in history of literature critics.Although many outcomes have been acpuired form the angle of literature and criticism,however,the ontic research of academia about Zhou's early thoughts on "humanism" has failed to detail and depth,and wait to make new efforts.Espicially the research of calm reconsider is rather lack,and it also reflects the superficial phenomenon on study of writer's thoughts.The present research situation about Zhou Zuoren's thought is necessary to clarify.By using China Journal full-text database The articles of Zhou Zuo-ren's thought study were conducted statistic and analysis.First,the false statistical information was excluded and the effective information was confirmed.Secondly,the general situation of Zhou Zuo-ren's thought study after 1980s was analyzed by four facets of the article publish time distribution,author,publication, content & theme,then proposed exploit new research angel and carry on the forecast of "close reading" to Zhou zuo-ren's some important papers.The value of Zhou's thoughts on "humanism" has not received cademia's ample dicussion and recognition,it partly results form the reason of history and also often results form the methods and angles adopted by researchers.Facing the present scattered and superficial situation about Zhou's thoughts on "humanism",the new angle of connection among "individual-group-human being" is used to re-examine Zhou's thoughts on "humanism",and by means of "close reading" those articles around "human literature",making a new appraisal and affirmation about the achievement and value of Zhou's thoughts on "humanism".Zhou's thoughts on "humanism" should include three parts:to pioneer human desolation,theory of human nature and theory of humanism.The problem of pioneer human desolation proposed by Zhou Zuoren not only point the key of enlightenment but also start the ethos of re-know the human being,and it's practical significance and value even over the sum of the latter two parts at that time.Then demonstrate that Zhou's understanding about "human" to the extent of which by means of analysis the latter two parts of Zhou's thoughts on "humanism". Espicially overstress that the demonstration of relation between "individual" and "individual/human being" is the most special point.However,there is a absence of "group" in Zhou's thoughts on "humanism".He make a rather simple understanding for these forms of "group",such as nation,class and mass,he think these often lead to irrational behavior like revolution and violence.In addition,because violence and revolution can not guarantee "individuality" and "freedom" that he always persue,the "group" form of "human" existence becomes object that Zhou repelled.There are some innate defects planted in Zhou's early thoughts on "humanism" at the beginning of it's construction,and these defects strongly influenced his life direction.Firstly,Zhou's theory of human nature include two facets of obvious and concealed,the obvious existence is "soul-body" natural theory of humanity and the concealed side is "kindness-evilness" social theory of humanity. Secondly,when he construct his thoughts on "humanism",he strongly misunderstand the role of "group" and stick to the two poles of "individual-human being",so the "individual" and "human being" mentioned by Zhou becomes akind of closure and abstract.Thirdly,Zhou zuoren make a mistake of simplification and simplicity in human facet,on the cycle of "self-regard" and "altruism", he only find that harmonious facet and ignore the incompatible facet.Therefore,he always start from "individual" and regard "individual" is the starting point of solving everything,he also make "individual" as the ultimate goal,however,he dissociate various realistic "group" in this course,so this case actually immerses a kind of vague fanciness and is lack of the strength of direct reality.