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A Historical Analysis To The Changes Of American Civil Service System

Posted on:2005-06-24Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:D F YangFull Text:PDF
GTID:2156360125956518Subject:Administrative Management
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
Since the end of the seventies of the 20th century, every country in the world has raised the tide of the reform of the civil service system. In order to grasp the deep theory logic of the reform of the civil service system in western countries and offer reference for the civil service system reform of our country, the article selected the American civil service system as the research object and carry on historical analysis to comb the historical orbit of changes of civil service system, attempt to answer whether the reform of traditional civil service has been surmounted by the civil service systems of the seventies the 20th century, and try to offer some policy suggestion for civil service system reform of our country.The article considers that the civil service system is one intermediary system which manages public officers in certain social political rights structure. Therefore we start from two respects to analyze the changes of American civil service system: one is from the relation of politics and administration, the other is from the government personnel management system. According to the history facts, we divide American civil service system into "before civil service system", Traditional civil service system and the civil service system under the new public management. In "before civil service system" period, the relation between politics and administration is the state that administration depended on politics, Politics is controlling the choosing and appointing of the officials. In the period that the influential officials of capitalist class hold power, in order to safeguard the interests of the influential officials, they implemented the system that the individual supports and moves and makes; After the party politics establish, in order to safeguard the interests of the political party group, they implemented the system that the political party divides booty and makes, "before civil service system" embodied out the characteristic of "individualizing, privileges, non- institutionalized". At monopoly capitalism stage, politics and administration was separated. In order to prevent the drawback of the system that the political party divides booty, new system required distinguishing politics and administration. So the unite states established the new system which included the system that officers' political neutralities and the system distinguishing the political officers and the affairsofficers and the system that the affairs officers holds the post for a long time and set up a kind of the personnel management mode which centralized state power and based on rule of the personification. Since the end of the seventies of the 20th century, the administration was becoming more political, a sort of tense relation has appeared between politics and administration, In order to solve the tense relation, the new public management theory has put forward the design of the senior civil official's system; At the same time, because traditional government personnel management systems have not met the needs of new era yet, the civil service system introduces theory and ways of new public management, the unite states set up personnel management mode based on Flexibility, result and the performance base-line of forming fraction. The civil service system under the new public management reformed and carried on the overall adjustment to Traditional civil service system and produced the good front effect, however, because the new system was still a kind of unripe system form and relied on the route of traditional civil official's system, so the new system has not totally replaced and surmounted the traditional mode.The deep theory logic of the reform of American civil service system has important enlightenment to the civil service system reform of our country. On the theory aspect, it can make us realize the goal and direction of the present civil service system reform of our country, Namely while we seek the institutional improvement, we also seek the vigor of system. On the concrete aspect, we may draw lessons from t...
Keywords/Search Tags:America, the civil service system, System changes, Enlightenment
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