On The Strategic Readjustment In The Layout Of The State-Owned Sector Of The Economy

The state-owned sector of the economy (hereinafter as SOSE), which is the principal provider of energy, transportation, important raw materials and technical equipments and the main source of the national finance, is the pillar of our national economy. The SOSE is the backbone of the development of the society, the leading growth point of the economy and the bolster of the development of the non-state-owned sector of the economy. The important strategic status of the SOSE in the national economy determines that only a sound SOSE will guarantee a sound national economy. However, over a long period of time, the layout of the SOSE in our country is not completely proportionate to the sectors it should hold. Under the planned economy, while the omnipresent SOSE takes up those sectors it should hold by its nature, it plays yet a leading role overwhelmingly in many other generally competitive sectors of the national economy. This situation not only seriously impairs the operating quality of the whole SOSE but also immensely weakens the leading role of the SOSE thanks to unduly stretched battlefront and scattered layout. Therefore, the strategic readjustment in the layout of the SOSE is a practical choice to amplify the leading role of the SOSE and to beef up the national economy.This article elaborates the strategic readjustment in the layout of the SOSE in six aspects as follows: the urgency and necessity of the strategic readjustment, objectives and principles, sectors warranting advances or retreats in the layout, the analysis of the impediments incurred in the process of the SOSE's heading for or retreating from sectors, train of thought, and the operating tactics.The layout of the SOSE refers to the distribution and situation of the state-owned capital in each sector of the national economy and on the levels of enterprises of different sizes. In over 50 years since the establishment of the new China, the SOSE has greatly developed and made many contributions to the national economy and social development, and is the leading power for the realization of industrialization and modernization in our country. The growth of the overall national power, the buildup of the strength of the national economy and defense, and the cohesion of the peoples also mainly rely on the SOSE. At the same time, it should be noted that the layout of the SOSE formed under the traditional planned economy takes on unreasonable structure which is characterized by the following: 1. the over-stretched battlefront and scatted layout of the SOSE; 2. the average size of enterprises is too small and the intensivism of industries is relatively low; 3. thelevel of professional coordination between enterprises is low and the repetition of the similar industries structures in regions is serious; 4. the state monopoly in some industries is formidable while in some key industries the dominance of the SOSE is yet to come; 5. most state-owned enterprises take the form of whole-state-ownership. In view of the above, the strategic readjustment in the layout of the SOSE is a historically inevitable. It embodies the needs of the practical economic development, the objective demands for promoting the adjustment and upgrade of industries structure, the important approach to exert in a general way its special function which can hardly be substituted by non-state-owned sector of the economy, and the practical choice for fully utilizing the state owned capital.In order to change the status quo of the layout of the SOSE and solve the above-mentioned problems arising in the course of the operation of the SOSE, we should clarify the goals of the strategic readjustment in the layout of the SOSE, which include the following: through the flow and reshuffle of the state-owned capital and by reducing the scope of the operation of the SOSE as a precondition, to assembly the strength of the state-owned capital, enhance the industries and enterprises which warrant the State's safeguard for their viability and improve the overall quality of the state-owned capital; through measures...