The Voluntary Migration Of Beijing Mountain Areas And The Choices Of Settlement Models

The voluntary migration is a phenomenon that residents move away from their homeland to better place to settle down, which is caused by the serious pollution of environment and the stagnation of economic. The two main factors of the phenomenon are the drag of the local economic and the attraction of the destination. The migrations are sometimes operated by residents themselves and sometimes by the government or other organizations. It has gradually become an important means to help the poor farmers of bad condition to shake off poverty and become rich..The voluntary migration in China began from 1983, and two belonged to this kind in the three migrations which were operated by Beijing from 1994 to 2000. One was the migration of farmers who were threatened by mud-rock flow and poverty, the other was the migration of farmers who lived on the wasted mines of the FangShan and MenTougou districts. In 2002, with the purpose of poverty alleviation, the development of mountain areas and the development of ecological environment, the local government of Beijing determined to operate new migration in the mountain areas. The remote mountain areas, mud-rock flow threatened areas and wasted mine areas would be considered to migrate first. The voluntary migration, with the aim of the development of mountain areas in Beijing in new stage, operated by Beijing is with great importance to fast increase of farmers' income, promote the process of turning mountain areas into towns, protect the environment of the capital city Beijing and make great strides to the development of mountain areas. In a word, it's imperative to put the voluntary migration into practice.In the beginning of the passage, the characters, structures, the functions, the impetus and the requirements of voluntary migration are discussed from the systematical point of view. At the same time, with the purpose of making suggestions, the successful migration models operated in and aboard are analyzed to find out the experiences. After that, the problem of how to arrange the migrated people is studied. In the end, the final suggestion is given scientific basis of operating the migration in Beijing mountain areas.