The Research About Farmers' Legal Consciousness In The Perspective Of Building New Countryside

The problems about agriculture, rural areas and farmers have always been the fundamental problems of our country's construction and development. According to the present development of rural areas, the CCP pointed out "building new countryside is a great historical task of the process modernized" in the CCP's propel about formulating the 11th five-year planning of national economic and social development with the attitude of seeking truth from facts. Because the farmers are the subject of building new countryside, the intensity of their legal consciousness affects the process of the construction of new countryside. Therefore, we should pay more attention to the spirit conditions'construction of the countryside's legal system to build new socialist countryside rapidly, which is to improve the farmers' legal consciousness. This is also the requirement of the basic principles of Marxism and the construction of new countryside.Selecting the farmers'legal consciousness in the perspective of building new countryside as the research object, this article is divided into four parts with the guidance of Marxism and the theory premise of Scientific development view.At first, by reading documents and collecting materials, this article elaborates on the subject source from governing the country by law and the view of scientific development, analyses the importance of improving fanners'legal consciousness in the perspective of building new countryside. And it arranges the theory research about legal consciousness at home and abroad, and the empirical studies about farmers'legal consciousness in our country roundly.Secondly, the article summarizes the elements of farmers' legal consciousness:the legal knowledge level, the evaluation of law, the view and the attitude of rights and obligations and legal requirements, etc based on the academic empirical research. It sets a targeted questionnaire based on the academic empirical research.1 choose Fushan County in Shanxi Province as survey area and takes the methods of filling out questionnaires and interviewing farmers to do my research. Based on these elements, it analyses the legal consciousness' current situation of farmers in Shanxi Province and points out the problems about it. It concludes that because the law publicity and education in years in Shanxi Province obtains some achievements since reform and opening up, the farmers'legal consciousness has increased slightly. But it still has a great distance to master law completely:the farmers'comprehensive quality is not high; the concept of legal system is poor; legal knowledge level is low; rights consciousness is weak and the legal requirements are blurred.Thirdly, it points out the factors restricting the farmers' legal consciousness in the process of building new-countryside from different aspects based on the empirical researches and analysis of the current situation. At the political aspect, the imperfection of Gross-roots democracy restricts the cultivation of farmers'rights consciousness and democratic consciousness. At the economic aspect, one is the disadvantages of the household contract responsibility system hindered the produce of the farmers'legal requirement, such as its small scale and weak production capacity. The other is long-term dual economy system leading to widening income gap between urban and rural area cause the lack of economic basis which is important to improve farmers'legal consciousness. At cultural aspect, feudal thoughts and traditional ideas are entrenched in the countryside, such as "rights more than law" and "more attention to punishment" etc. At system aspect, one is that the country lack of self-motivation mechanism, and the relationship between the government and the Autonomous organization of the countryside is not coordination; the other is that the dispute settlement mechanism of the countryside is imperfect..At last, this article comprehensively analyses how to improve farmers'legal consciousness, promote the development of rural legalization, and puts forward some suggestions about the construction of new countryside. They are to coordinate the relationship between the government and the farmers, to make legal system in the field of agriculture perfect, to develop the rural economy and public undertakings, to improve education and legal-publicity level, to construct a new model of the rural dispute settlement, etc.Along with the development of our country, the problems about agriculture, rural areas and farmers get more and more the CCP's attention. Then the farmers'legal consciousness must be changed completely to promote the process of building new socialist countryside.