The Orientation Of The Village And Towns' Function In New Period And The Exploration Of The Way To Reform Organization

Village and towns are the skeleton regime organization of our Country, strengthing their regime is our ground work. The special status of Village and towns decides their article place in the whole reformation of locality institution. In the current academe, there are many theories about the reformation of village and towns. The main representative views are "deletion theory" "expedition theory" "deletion and combination theory" "thorough reformation theory" and "autonomy theory" However, these theories are only limits to the point of superabundant personnel. Distributing the abundant personnel, removing the village and towns' government and establishing the country side public organization. These theories are still all confined to the village and towns themselves (administration levels), Seldom consider the effect of the country grade government to the countryside government's system factors. On the point of study methodology, there are still haven't a analysis formwork which break through "country -society', only consider the village and town as a part of Country machine, without consider the government of village and town's particularity to the ordinary sense government. Otherwise , someone conclud that the villages and towns should own the civilian's nature spontaneously because the so called "country self-government" .Then they begin to layout the futher of village and town's reform depend on this view. However, the study focus on setting up a government that help to the new country's development are so few.Since the eight decade last century, we have already developed the village and towns several times. Instead of making progress, we get bogged down in a strange circle which is "subtraction-expandability-subtraction again-expandability again", the reason is that there is not any essential developement in the village and towns.At the moment, the main feature of the village and towns in China is the focus on administration and manage manufacture, despise the social service, meanwhile the dislocation of the function and the behavior of overriding the function incurre as well. On the one side, the village and towns take part in the management, and making the decesion for the farmers and investing directly,which influences the normal developement of the market, infringe on the farmers' rights as well. On the other side, there are problems about implement the policy, management and supply service. In the new period of constructing the new countryside and peaceful society, the developement of the village and towns must focus on the function location which is the heart of the reform. Using of the management of the village and towns in the foieign countries, linking with the practice in the work of our countryside, locating the function of the village and towns scientificly, endow the new function to the village and towns.New era for the village and towns government should focus on strengthening the development of the rural economy and create an environment and providing public services for rural farmers to provide public goods such functions, should organize production functions from the village and towns, participation in the economic transformation of the social management and public service.Specifically, the position should be : the new era village and towns functions and optimize the environment for economic development, and promoting rural economic development; Strengthen management, improving rural governance mechanisms; and strengthening public services, improving rural infrastructure; the development of social undertakings, the building of spiritual civilization in the rural areas.Achieving village and towns functions and the integration of planning resources and reduce management layers, simplify and improve the efficiency of the administrative system to establish coordination; the cause of reform of village and towns institutions, the introduction of market competition mechanism, encourage private participation in power and create a vibrant public utility services; proper arrangements for segregation, improve training, improve system performance, innovative professionals, to establish open and competitive personnel management system; straighten out the county government, change of leadership and working methods, we will actively promote the reform of county agencies. Village and towns to create a favorable environment for reform and consolidate the results of the structural reform at the village and towns.