As to the function of government, no matter it is Adam Smith's"Night Watchman"government or the Keynes government after World War II, the maximization of public interest is always the aim, and of course the township government is no exception. The essential characteristic of the public interest is its sociality, and its fundamental interest is to protect civil rights and market freedom. Just as Hegel said,"The aim of a nation is to seek civil happiness."For this aim, the function of township government can be divided into two aspects, first, the management of the government: to solve the problems brought by the passive external activities of citizens and enterprises, thus forming the function of providing and maintaining order; second, public service: mainly to provide the public products that the enterprises and society are unable (inadequate competitive strength because of scale cost or sunk cost, or consumption inseparability of public interest/harm) or unwilling(because of the dissymmetry of cost and benefit brought by the no excludability of consumption)to solve but that are necessary to the public and social development. This paper mainly makes an analysis of public service function of the township government in the new rural construction in our country, and tries to make a tentative proposal about the method of perfecting the public service function of the township government, with a view to offer some helpful ideas for the all-round harmonious development of the town's economy, politics and culture.The paper consists of four parts, and the main contents of each part are as follows:Part I presents the social background of the proposal of township government's public service function and the practical problems of the township government. First, the author introduces the general social background of the proposal of the new socialist countryside construction strategy and service-oriented government is an inevitable choice of China's administrative reform, and then describes the practical problems, such as, the poor employment situation of the countryside labor force, the bad organization of the social security system, the poor situation of countryside infrastructure, the apparent falling behind of the countryside education, medical system, and cultural development.Part II makes an theoretical analysis of China's leadership and theorists on the research of the service government, the theory uses for reference of the service government, the historical development and characteristic of the function of township government, and defines the public service function of township government as consisting of: the basic service concerning the people's livelihood, the fundamental public interest service, the production and construction service, and the public enterprise service.Part III points out the root of the absence of township government's public service on the basis of the previous analysis. The roots are as follows: the financial pressure causes the imparity of the public service; the government decision system doesn't have effective expression of peasants'actual needs; the grass roots governments don't have enough motives to offer public service under the present executive accountability system.Part IV proposes the solution according to the causes of the township government's public service stated in part III. First, improve the public financial system; second, reform the decision system of the countryside public service furnishing; third, reform the present government accountability system; fourth, properly divide the public service duty of the township government. |