Go Out Of The Essentialism: Research On The Capacity-building Of The Rural Women's Participation In The Village Governance

As the impact of industrialization, information, urbanization, marketization, and internationalization on China's countryside are continually deepening, the flowing of the rural population is constantly increasing, a large number of rural young male labor force go out for work, the female have increasingly become the main force who promote the development of rural economy and society in a quicker and better way, as well as the significant force of village governance. Under the new circumstances, how to encourage the majority of rural women to participate in village governance and improve their capacities of village governance is becoming a new topic of deepening village autonomy.This thesis uses "social-gender" theory and Amartya Sen' View of Capability development as the research tools, and takes the situation of three terms' women participating in village governance in Guangshui City as the sample. Through interviews, analysis of questionnaires and documentation, the author puts forward capacity factors that women should have when they participate in village governance, analyzes constraint factors to enhance women's participation in capacity, and try to give some suggestions according to culture institution, organization, practical work and training. In addition to Preface of the article, the main contents includes following five sections:The first part summarizes connotations, development process and significance of the two theoretical tools: Gender theory and Amartya Sen's development theory, analyzes the drawbacks of traditional gender culture in unique theoretical perspective, highlights the dominant position of women, and establishes theoretical structure for the whole text.The second part summarizes women's change in attitude towards village governance and qualities they have had . It also emphasizes significance that the country intervenes to improve the capacities of women's participation by referencing of women elites experiences in participating in village governance.The third part analyzes two different concept for women ability in the view of essentialism and social constructivism, refuted viewpoints that physiological differences determines capacity of women by essentialism, and stress importance of practical environment for forming women's capacity , highlighting influences of the social construction factors including social, cultural, policy on women's participation.The fourth part puts forward and analyzes women's capacity elements and restricting factors of women's participation in village based on interviews.The fifth part makes suggestions on culture, institution, organization, practical work and training on the basis of limiting factors mentioned above.In this paper, the innovation reflected in the following areas: (1) There has been a substantial amount of research on women's participation, but research on how to improve women's capacity in rural governance is very limited. This paper analyzes the capacity elements of women's participation, which is original. (2) This paper uses Amartya Sen's concept of development, with analysis of the factors that influencing women's participation ability in village governance in specific cases, to focus on a certain policy recommendations. (3) Five parts distributes with a new theory, the status quo, theoretical arguments, problems and countermeasures .Theory shows the reality, the reality reflects the theory.