The Input System Of Rural Compulsory Education In Central China (1986--2005)

Undeveloped economy and huge education , low education investment, they all affect Chinese education development deeply. Especially , since most of the central county governments do not have sufficient financial capability and those governments above county level can not satisfy the practical needs of education development, The rural compulsory education in central china faces many long-troubled problems and hardly keeps its normal developments. In terms of input system , the author will analyzes why the rural compulsory education in central china lacks funds and how its develops since 1986. The author also hopes this thesis will avails the Accomplishment of 9-nine compulsory education in central rural china.According to tax and finance reform, this thesis can be divided in to three parts:Part one: From 1986 to 1993, china actualize the financial system whereby local authorities take full responsibility for their finances. In correspondence with this system, level— to— level management is the leading input system of rural compulsory education. Under it , the input of rural compulsory educational funds relies mainly on township finance and farmers. But the majority of China's central rural areas are economically still undeveloped, it is not easy for township finance to universalize the five—year compulsory education .Part two: Since 1994, system of tax distribution is popular in china. Under it ,the township finance become very difficult and the farmers income increases more slowly. However, the system of township-oriented and village-oriented remains unchangeable . Therefore, universalizing the nine-year compulsory education in central rural china faces much awful troubles ,such as unwarranted pooling of funds ,arbitrary requisitions of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises and so on.Part three: Since 1999, china try to pilot tax—for—free system. In order to Accomplish 9-nine compulsory education, county-level governments later take over the management of personnel and finance for compulsory education in rural China. However, many central counties do not have the financial reserves to add input in education. therefore, lack of public operational funds , default of wages for teaching staff and funds for the renovation of dilapidated buildings of rural middle and primary schools still arise.The conclusive part summarizes the reasons why rural compulsory education financing system in rural china always lacks funds and suggests how to optimize the input system of rural compulsory education , on the basis of international comparisons.