| In recent 100 years, the research on the essential difference between Sport Heart and pathology heart has been always the hot question in sport medicine. As for the definition of pathology, the standard judging pathology change or physiology change including the reparable ability, except all the clinic representation. Most scholars think that some changing of configuration and enginery in sport heart are all physiology. But some athletes' clinic represents and cardiac electricity are difficult to explain only by physiological or functional changes, especially the sport discomposure and tiny damage of cardiac muscle tissue. Some studies show that some unfit excises may have bad effect to cardiac, and result in cardiac damage or even sudden death. So we can suppose that great intensity or all power sport training in the early age may result in heart tiny damages and biological effect which may be no recoverable.This experiment start from the ultra structure of heart, observe the cardiac muscle cells and collagen between cardiac muscle cells of the old rat which had experienced different burdens of sport training in their earlier age; and analyze some immunohistochemistry index changes, expect to find the effect of different sport training to Rat in the long period and whether the sport training resulted sport heart has the recover ability. And expect to provide some experiment bases for discovering the sport heart and provide scientifically basis for sport prescription.There are all together 48 male SD rats, which are provided by the Medical School of Xi'an Jiao tong University. They are feed naturally by standard dry feed, their weights are 248±24g and they live under the temperature of 22℃-27℃, and moisture of 40%-60%. After one week of natural feeding, they are randomly divided into three groups: sedentary group (11 rats), aerobic training group (llrats) and fatigue training group (12 rats). Aerobic training group and fatigue training group received 3-day training, with the speed of 15m/min in 15min. Aerobic training group: 5 days per week, 8 weeks. Accelerating speed of 3m/min in 5min to 20m/min. After60min, to add 5 to the treadmill. Fatigue training group: 6 days per week, 8 weeks, by using brush and wood bar to stimulate mice. Accelerating speed of 3m/min in 5min to 20m/min. After 60min, to add 10s to the treadmill. The training adds up to 8 weeks, and after that, all the Rats rested for 28 weeks. All of experimental data have been treated use Sigma plotScientific Graphing System and experimental result has been expressed X ±SD. The results indicate:1) After 28 weeks resting, the cardiac muscle cells of the rats in aerobic training group have the normal construction, and there is no distinct difference between them and the sedentary group. In the rats of fatigue group, some cardiac muscle cell swells, original muscle slim become incompact, some chondriosome hypertrophy swelled. The collagen slim between heart muscles hyperplasia clearly .Some collagen slim insert in the cardiac muscle cells replaced the heart muscle which has not polarization. The heart becomes fibrosis. This hints that: the fatigue training in the early age result the rats' heart damaged and which can not recover.2) Different burden training makes no bad effect to the rats, and fatigue training increases the heart weight/weight. It shows the heart become hypertrophy.3) This experiment found that, stop training completely for 28 weeks the physiological functions of the aerobic training group almost recovered. But in the fatigue group, all the index which shows the physiological factions decreased clearly.4) After 28 weeks' resting, the cardiac electric of the aerobic training group recover to the normal and has no difference to the sedentary group. The heart beating rate of fatigue group increased, QRS and Q-T period both has a little trend of increase. QRS and T voltage decreased clearly. This shows that fatigue training in the early age makes effects to the cardiac electricity and leads to arrhythmia and decrease of heart factions.5) Aft...
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