A Cross-Cultural Research On Family-factors Infulencing Sex-role Of Middle School Students

The appropriateness of gender-role development will influence individual personality identity, social life, self-concept, marital relationship, parent-child relations and mental health. The study is mainly to explore: (1)the current status of Han, Dongxiang middle school students' type distribution of gender-role, (2) changes and differences of middle school students' sex traits in terms of grade ,sex, and race, (3) influences of family factors on the development of sex-roles, furthermore, (4)the paper gives suggestions on family tutoring for sex-role.Sex-role Inventory for Middle School Students, Sex-role Inventory for Parents , and Parental Rearing Sex-role attitude Questionnaire are employed in the study. Stratified random sampling has been used to investigate 1024 middle school students of Han, Dongxiang in Gansu province, and 934 copies of the questionnaires are valid. SPSS13.0 is used to run descriptive statistics ,unitivariate ,linear regression analysis . The results are as follows:(1) From the point of sex-role types Among Dongxian and Han middle school students:①there are four different types of sex-role (masculinity, femininity ,androgynous and undifferentiated) in Dongxiang ,Han students;②about one third of boys or girls are masculinities or feminizations , but the percentage of girl's feminization is larger than the percentage of boy's masculinity ;③boy's femininity and girl's masculinity are one tenth of their sex-role types partly;④about one third of Dongxiang or Han are androgynous, and no obvious difference between boys and girls;⑤one third of Dongxiang or Han boy are undifferentitated and the percentage of which in Dongxiang girls is higher than Han girls;⑥there is a significant correlation between parental sex-role types and their children's sex-role types;⑦Han parental sex-role types and Dongxiang maternal sex-role types imply their children's sex-role types, while Dongxiang fatherly sex-role types only predict boys' sex-role types;(2) from the angle of sex traits①boys and girls have trends on masculinity traits and feminity traits according to grades, that is to say the increase of grades will influence the development of sex traits;②for middle-school students among different nationalities, gender is an important factor which influences students' sex traits;③Dongxiang, Han parental sex-role types have obvious influences on middle school students;④Family factor is the most important factor which influences middle school students' sex traits, especially, parental sex traits;⑤middle school students' sex traits are mostly influenced by same sex parental sex traits;⑥paternal male traits mainly have influences on Dongxiang , Han students' male traits, but Dongxiang students' female trait is mostly influenced by maternal female traits, Han students' is mostly influenced by paternal female traits.