Discussion Of The Problem Of The Urban Citizens' Modes Of Provision For The Aged In China

The problem of provision for the aged is one of the important problems related to the common people's livelihood. The resolution to the problem is one of the conditions for realizing the people living and working in peace and contentment. The importance and purpose of the study of this paper is not only the demand for resolving the citizens'provision for the aged but also the demand for construction of the harmonious society, economic development of China in the future and social civilization and progress. The main contents are as follows:1. The problem of provision for the aged is the important one that the whole society shall pay attention to.In this part, the national up-to-date statistical numbers are first used to describe the reasons for the problem. The aging of the population is the problem that all the countries in the world are facing. The aging of the population refers to that the relative proportion of the aged in the total population rises. According to the general international standard, it can be regarded as the aging of the population when the relative proportion of the aged above 60 years old or 65 years old is more than 10% and 7%, respectively. Second, the present situation and characteristics of the aging of our country are introduced. It shows that the problem of provision for the aged has become the common concern of our society. Our country enters the list of the countries of aging in the world in 2000. The aging of the population of our country is characterized as a big population, high development speed and many senile persons, which make the problem of provision for the aged of our country face the more serious situation. The resolution to the problem of provision for the aged shall be started from the actual situation of our country. Not the tradition of our country shall be considered but also the changes of the actual society shall be taken into account, so the resolution to the problem can be found.2. The new problems that the modes of the urban citizen's provision for the aged of our country face. The analysis is made from the following aspects. First, there is a profound cultural foundation for"respecting the aged and loving the young"in our country. In ancient China, there were the traditional thoughts such as filial piety to the aged and caring for the aged going around. It is the traditional custom of Chinese to foster sons for the old age. Mencius thought that people should not only provide for the aged but also attend upon the dying parents, which is a great event in one's life. Second, the country provided the legal guarantee for the family provision for the aged after the People's Republic of China was founded. Third, the government makes great efforts to carry forward the traditional virtues of respecting and loving the aged. It is for these reasons that most of the aged in our country can be supported well. However, with the development of the socialist market economy, changes occur to the social economic structure and employment structure, so the people's problem of provision for the aged is necessarily influenced.3. The problems and reasons for the modes of the urban citizens'provision for the aged. The modes of the urban citizens'provision for the aged include the family provision for the aged, institutional provision for the aged and provision of the social community for the aged, and most of the urban citizens carry out the family provision for the aged. In the part of the paper, the change of the mode of the family provision for the aged is focused on and analysis is made from the following aspects. First, the material conditions for provision for the aged is analyzed. No matter which mode of provision for the aged, there shall be"money"and also the support of"a person". It is infeasible to have money but no person. It is more impossible for provision for the aged without money or person. Second, the mode of the family provision for the aged and existing problems are analyzed. There are two modes of family provision for the aged. The one is that the aged live with children and the other is that the aged live separately. People call the second type of family as the"empty nest family". Third, the mode of provision of the social community for the aged and existing problems are analyzed. The provision of the social community for the aged can make the aged not only taken good care of but also enjoy the relatives'love. Fourth, the mode of provision of the nursing home for the aged and existing problems are analyzed. Because of the problems of conditions, expenses, service and relatives, only a few aged persons choose such a mode. Fifth, the historical analysis method is used to analyze the two reasons for the problem of provision for the aged of our country. First, like the construction of the economic system of our country, the social security system has gone through the different times of the planned economy and the market economy. The different modes of support bring about the different impacts on the human life. Second, the reasons for the problem of the urban provision for the aged also include the influence of the change of the modern social and family structures. Because the original big-family structure does not exist any longer, the family form with the parents and one child as the core makes the provision for the aged become the heavy burden of children. There are also the DINK family, no-child family and low-income family in society, so the service of the social community for the aged becomes the social demand.4. The urban citizens'selection of the modes of provision for the aged. The socialized service system for provision for the aged shall be established. According to the problems existing in the family provision for the aged and the institutional provision for the aged, the paper presents that the provision of the social community for the aged is the citizens'best choice. On the one hand, the provision of the social community for the aged is a mode in the conditions that the social community provides the complete service, in which the aged will not leave the family. It integrates the advantages of the family provision for the aged and the institutional provision for the aged and eliminates the disadvantages of them. Its characteristics are as follows. First, in the provision of the social community for the aged, the aged will not leave the family and they are easy to accept it. The spiritual demand of the aged can be met, which is favorable to the physical and psychological health of the aged and carry forward the tradition of respecting the aged and loving the young of the Chinese Nation. Second, the provision of the social community for the aged can provide some opportunities of employment for society. Third, the provision of the social community for the aged can provide opportunities for the volunteer's service, which is favorable to promote the socialist spiritual civilization construction. Fourth, the provision of the social community for the aged can promote combination of the usable resources with the welfare undertaking. On the other hand, the provision of the social community for the aged is actually the social service system of provision for the aged taking the social community as the platform and the mode of the family provision for the aged as the main part, supported by the institutional provision for the aged. Its generation is applicable to the demand of historical development of the primary socialist phase of our country, with a certain life force. It will exist in a period of time. It also has many places to be perfected. The social community shall try to resolve the following problems in the aspect of providing the perfect service. First, it shall strengthen training of reemployment of the persons who want to be reemployed in the social community. Second, the social community shall prepare meals for the aged and provide the service of sending meals. Third, the social community shall provide the family beds for patients. Fourth, the social community shall periodically provide the service of doing housework for the aged. Fifth, the network, intelligentization and modernization of management of service for the aged shall be realized. Sixth, the roles of the mutual help of neighbors shall be given play.