The Junior Teaching Of Observation Composition Search And The Strategy Of Observation Teaching

Direct observation and indirect observation may be compared to the two eyes of the student composition,or the two windows through which the students acquire the perception of the external world;hence the primary task of Chinese composition teaching is to highlight the observation in composing an essay.And it is also required by the quality-oriented education to enhance the research and teaching of composition observation,whereas to our regret they have long been ignored by the educational society.The negligence of observation teaching has weakened the effect of composition teaching in both sides----the teacher' s efforts are fruitless while the students,being apathetic and passive,attempt to make a silk purse out of sow' s ear.This strange situation is due to a variety of factors,the most important of which are the influence of exam-oriented education,the absence of a sense of entirety and planning in composition teaching,the insufficiency of incentive to the observation teaching,the negligence of the observation,and the great difficulty for the students to practice the observation because of their heavy burden.As a specialized form of observation,composition observation,direct or indirect,is comprised of a series of observational activities conducted by the teacher for the purpose of accumulating materials for composition.The teaching of observation composition is of tremendous significance,for it procures the students composition materials,provides an effective means to enlighten them, and also forms the basis of the expression training.The strategy of strengthening the teaching of composition observation and intensifying the cultivation of observation capacity not only embodies the theory of discovery learning,the ideology of humanist education,John Dewey' s notion of "learning by doing" and other latest findings in psychological and pedagogical research,but also reflects the fundamental laws of the composition teaching which stress participation,communication,cooperation and the ability of collecting and processing information along with that of analyzing and resolving problems,as the New Curriculum Reform requires.According to its characteristic,direct observation contains directional observation,fortuitous observation,comprehensive observation, meticulous observation,classifying observation,focus observation,and free observation etc.Based upon the objective,it can be assorted into scenery observation,personal observation,daily-life observation,experiment observation etc.The process of direct observation teaching includes the following steps:creating an environment,formulating a plan,giving some guidance,arranging the assignment,and finally the feedback and effect evaluation.As far as the different mediums employed in the observation process are concerned,indirect observation usually falls into the following categories: reading observation,picture observation,multi-media observation,and then investigation and interview.The strategy of observation teaching draws to itself such measures as constant consolidation,the utilization of mutual benefit of browsing,reading,writing and speaking,and the exertion of planning and continuity on the observation instruction.