The Application Of The Need Theory In The Ideological And Political Education

With china's market economical fast development, people's physical living level rises gradually, the thought,culture and the Individualism and liberal values by globalization has impacted the thoughts and values of Chinese people. Under this kind of background, the ideological and political education as national ideological tool, Faces the unprecedented Challenges. Though People's physical life level raise, but the spirit cultural level don't have Synchronously promote,thought empty, believe in falter and the Diverse choice; In the meantime with Internet-representative of the new information media, this information body has some features: it is fast and has a great deal of information and also can't be controlled. All those cause the work of our ideological and political educators sink into the passive Circumstances and the work of usefulness shortage.Facing this actual situation, the essay analysis need's definition,characteristic and the attributes for Understanding the need from the objective rule of human's need as the source and the driving force of the need. The research of the need theory has been constrained in psychology and philosophy, but which in the ideological and political education is relatively less. So this essay try to research three need theories, get the general view and regulation, then use these to launch the ideological and political education work, to achieve the purpose of the state ideological tool,train qualified citizen,provide thought weapon for the construction of socialist modernization,lay the foundation for advancing person to free and comprehensive development. This text is mainly divided into three parts:The first part: From philosophy,psychology,management and other professional, the author summarizes the meaning of the need. Then the author analyzed the main features of need: the objectivity,the social history conditionality,the individual,the periodicity and the complexity, and obtain the fundamental attribute of the need from analyzing the natural attribute,social attribute and Transcendence attribute. The second part: Mainly introduce three kinds of need theory and get the view of how to treat person's need problem in the ideological and political education. Applying the Dialectical Materialism and Historical Materialism to appraisal the need theories of the Freud's and the Maslow's, Freud's need theory must be placed on the personality structure, the need is the source of person's motivation and personality system; Maslow's need theory points out the level,complexity and the advantages in deciding person's behavior;The Marxist need theory points out the level and the essence of need, points out the positions and roles of the need in life existence,the race multiply,social and person's freedom comprehensive development. Overall the primarily need theory is the Marxist need theory and the auxiliary need theory is the other two kind of need theory.The third part: After having a general acknowledge of the need theory, we put the highlight in the usage of the need theory in the work of the ideological and political education. In relation to text above, need has its own natural and social attribute. The contradiction between individual and society mostly reflect the need problem in the practice of political and ideological education, which is the contraction of the reflection the individual need and social need. The unity of the individual and society perform that: the life existence is the foundation of the individual and society; the personal development and the social development is consistent, the individual development is the final purpose of the social development. Finally the contraction must be solved in the social practice. the confrontation perform that: everyone is a structural characteristics, personality development is affected by the subjective choice and person self-selection, which is impacted by social cultural and environmental impaction. But the social cultural and environment are complex and conflict, which is easy to make the contradict thoughts, and at last led each other and individual and society to the conflict. Overall the confliction of the individual and society is a eternal dialectical relationship. Stick the social need and interests as the community-oriented and the meet of the individual need and interests as the purpose.At personal level, an appropriate understanding of need is the premise to give full play of political and ideological education. stick to the ideological line of"people -oriented."Bring into play of stimulation of political and ideological education by guiding need. Upgrading need to improve the personality,to improve the structure of personality by rectifying need. Fragment need to improve the forecast normative functions of the ideological and political education. Finally realize and strengthen the effectiveness,purposeful and practical nature of the ideological and political education.At social level, the educational process is to play the educator's leading foundation, control the environment,adjust the contents and methods of education and reach the final purpose of the thought into practice and action.Educators should develop initiative, plan the practical education activities and correct understanding the need theory. Based on the educational environment impacting the need, educator must control and create a healthy educational environment. The need is into the right need under the environmental impact, but it is also into wrong need. So educator must control and purification adverse environment; create and optimize healthy social environment. The educational content should also develop with the need,social material and cultural development and the International economic and cultural development. Firstly, Adhere to building socialism with Chinese characteristics path of development can not be shaken. Secondly, strengthen the building of the legal system, improve the social system and create social honesty and trustworthiness. Thirdly, cultivate the independent, rational and healthy personality. Finally, with the ideal of the people as the existence of purpose to be understood and the reasonableness of the need to be recognized, the more people yearn for democracy and equality in the spiritual realm. At level of teaching methods, educators must fully use the teaching method catering to the intensifying individuality, integrate teaching contents into practical activities according to the education serving administration. Besides, it is an urge to make full use of modern media to infiltrate education, as education carrier.