Analyses And Countermeasures On The Conflict Between Employment Situation And Education Structure Of Graduate Students In China

In recent years, as the number of China's graduate students significantly increased, the graduate students'employment situation became severe and received an increasing concern. Therefore, the question of "China's graduate students are too many" and "the scale of graduate education is growing too fast" begins. We should analysis this phenomenon objectively and find out the causes and countermeasures. In fact, compared to international practice and the experiences and training modes of developed countries, China's demand for graduate students in the labor market still exists a gap. In the industrial and commercial sector, the demand for non-academic positions is obvious increasing. Evidently, China's graduate students are not too many. Among the many factors that cause employment problems, the graduate education structure incompatible with the job market is considerable.The analysis on the conflict between graduate students'employment and education structure is a reflection of the relationship between external socio-economic needs and macro-structure of graduate education. Based on the investigation of the graduate students'employment, we find out that, although our economy is absorbing the rapidly rising graduates, the prospects for the continuing growth is uncertain. The employment pressure of graduate students is increasing. Now there is not only a phenomenon of unemployment but also a phenomenon of underemployment and underutilization. There is a trend that far away from education and basic scientific research positions in contrast to application-oriented research and even non-scientific positions. This trend highlights the imbalance in the level, type, professional, regional structures of China's graduate education.In this paper, we discussed the current situation and problems of level, professional, type, regional structures of China's graduate education respectively, then put forward some relevant countermeasures. On the level structure, we should find out the difference between the doctor' degree and the master' degree, keep a rational proportion between them. With regard to the professional structure, we should predict the demand trend of the society for different talented persons, coordinate the proportion between different disciplinary, ensure the complementation of the disciplines structures in different levels. As for the type structure, we should diversify the styles of the graduate education; expand our training ability of graduate education. On the regional structure, we should improve the efficiency of regional graduate education to promote the coordinated development of regional economies.In short, the rational structure of graduate education will impact directly on its socio-economic performance. Reasonable structure of graduate education will help maintain the dynamic balance between supply and demand. And if not, it will cause structural shortage or surplus, will not only be a waste of resources, and will hinder the healthy development of economy and society. Restructuring and innovating structure of graduate education is the focus of future work in China. Under the conditions of limited education resources, through structural adjustment to tap the potential of graduate education; through optimizing the structure to alleviate the existing graduate employment problems and contradictions, is the current strategic choice for graduate education reform in China.