Study On Yan Yuan Moral Thought

Yan Yuan was the outstanding philosopher,progress initiation thinker and the common people educationalist in the 17th century of China ,was the ancient China times'thinker that epitomize the practice and the greatest practice educates master. All of his lives had devoted to the cultural inheritance educational work, pursued actual, took the rationality only to practice, revived the Confucianist to govern studying of very practical use, constructded the realistic social morals order the ideal and the practice, emphasised practice in the understanding function. Opposed the Neo-Confucianism void explanation of life and the mystery useless school tradition. In his life, who had carried on the ponder to the Chinese tradition moral education and personally set an example, so had established"the practical knowledge","practical","the practice","to implement"as the moral education thought multily-faceted, had had the important influence in the Chinese moral education history, who was the glory flag of the ancient times in the moral education history. In the 21st century today's middle school, the elementary school even university, still generally has taken knowing and doing to come apart, besides, only valued the empty rigid theorizing in the moral education explanation that, we must excavate Yan Yuan's moral education thought fully, derives the essence to develop the good and discard the bad the dregs, through the practice and the practice method, raises the competent real situation, to be able the talented person who seeks the blessing for the people, will have importantly profits.The article first briefly narrated Yan Yuan's biography. The rough life experience and the wretched situation of Yan Yuan have fostered its independence, the tenacious moral character, the social environment, and the academic atmosphere's influence, as well as its personal experience, the teachers and friends associated and educate practice and so on to accomplish his academic path,all of those had formed it"practice"moral education thought. The experiences and transformation of Yan Yuan's thought, were the reflection of whose specific time's environment, and the ideological trend fluctuation and the unique society experiences personally. He obeyed the Lu Jiuyuan and Wang Yangming's Xin Neo-Confucianism to study long ago, but transferred to the Er Cheng and Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism, when forty-forth years old, he quickly changed the will, kinged two makes war blatantly to Neo-Confucianism, he studyed the thinking weekly, finally studying of Zhou Gong and the Kong Zi as the life pursue.Simultaneously he responded clear positively initially governs the ideological trend, took governs the people as the aspiration, in criticized the Song reason scientist to sit in meditation systematically in the empty talk and the shallow useless foundation, had formed his unique education thought that valued"practical"and"seeks profit for the people".The first part analyzs the reasons of Yan Yuan's moral education thought forms.It including four aspects. In politics,when in the late Ming and early Qing,the changes of national strengthly and the social agitation drasticly, which urged Yan Yuan like many men who had experienced the country ruined and the family perishes of insight after pain to carry on the omni-directional resonsideration equally to the traditional thing, attempted to discover the demise of Ming dynasty for supplying experiences. In the economy, the appearance which germinates along with the capitalism, the new production life style and the value idea are attacking the original ethics moral value and the life style, the educational circles also request the to raise adaptation commodity economy development to govern the talented person of very practical use, but the Song bright Neo-Confucianism moral education thought actually presented the enormous disease, the educational system is extremely unreasonable, which took the books to despise treads and in the values stressed that morals asceticism, only valued righteousness but light advantage, which had been far away from the social practice and the practical life gradually need, but the lacking substance did not favor the human nature and the economical normal development. But Yan Yuan had held this time pulse agilely, he simultaneously should gather the academic circle"to govern of very practical use"as of the practical knowledge ideological trend, he uniond the two aspects, made public stand proposed"seeks profit for the people"as the moral education idea, advocated by"the practical knowledge"as the substitution"the selected sentences explanations of words in ancient books","sat in meditation"advocated by"the custom line"as of the cultivates virtue, in addition, good teacher's and helpful friend's influence and steeled also had formed his moral education thought finally.The second part carries on the detailed elaboration to Yan Yuan moral education ideology, including moral education thought foundation and moral education ideology. First, elaborated the foundation of Yan Yuan moral education thought, which is mainly establishment in the theory of human nature"the human nature is all friendly", the utility view"benefit and morality are unified"and the outlook on life, regarded"advantage common people".Second, the system of Yan Yuan moral education thought. In the goal of moral education, Yan Yuan advocates the raise"gentleman of the genuine talent shide". In the content of moral education, Yan Yuan advocated to take the Yao and Shun's"Liu Fu", the road"San Wu", the week hole"San Shi", the studying"Si Jiao"as the moral education content, the initiative custom line of informed and experienced"San Wu","San Shi". In the method of moral education, Yan Yuan proposed"the custom line steps"as the moral education total method as the instruction, in the concrete teaching process, Yan Yuan synthesis utilizes the following five methods. First, through practical reaches knowledge and understanding, through"the custom line"to know moral; second, teaches students in accordance with their aptitude,"the nature to grow the soul"; third, bows the demonstration, the knowing and doing to be unified; fourth, ritual music union, learns through playing; fifth, through work self-control morals, through work self-control morality moral character. In the moral education process, Yan Yuan takes seriously to the students carries on the knowledge,emphasis than cognition,emotion , will , behavior is a line of education, raise and training, comprehensive and utilizes nimbly in the moral education process. In the moral cognition, Yan Yuan emphasizes to the life value and the dignity cognition, friendly and the wicked cognition; in the moral emotion, Yan Yuan stressed that must raise self-respect and self-respect striving to improve the spouse to love the people patriotic emotion; in the moral will, Yan Yuan encourage student to dare in the nature study and the moral training to be the sage, arouses student's study enthusiasm, causes them to be diligent happily studying; in the moral behavior, Yan Yuan proposed that must take the gentleman as the ideal personality goal, stress must practice, in reality forms the good behavior habit and the psychological quality, the promotion moral character, fosters the morality moral character, achieves the gentleman boundary. The moral education appraises, Yan Yuan stressed that the appraisal the standard is the motive and the effect unification, simultaneously must unify the situation to achieve the correct judgment.The third chapter mainly to appraisal Yan Yuan moral education thought. First, enumerated each time some scholars how to appraisal Yan Yuan and his students thought, which including the Qing dynasty, near modern age, contemporary three times. Next, unifies the predecessor thought that this article makes the summary analysis to Yan Yuan to the moral education thought historical contribution, whose contribution mainly has three aspects.First, Yan Yuan had set up glory model that not only the book, not on only, but only the solid; second, Yan Yuan had opened the new school tradition which righteousness that justice and the benefit are unified, beside he propose five kinds of education contents and ways; third, Yan Yuan had realized in the moral education method the theory to move toward the practice the important breakthrough. Once more, article to pointed out briefly Yan Yuan moral education thought's historical limitation, there are three aspects: idealism ingredient, destruction is bigger than construction, overemphasize the experience cognition function.Yan Yuan is Neo-land master switch useless ceremonies harm people, "is taught" criticism and grounded in practical for "real" "practice " moral education thought.,which is not only to the traditional moral education is a bold innovation, at that time established a new school, moreover is glittering the initiation principle glory, is in a Chinese moral education thinking history glory model.