A Comparative Study Of Sports Situational Motivation Of The Specially-recruited College Athletes And Common College Athletes In Nanjing

The college sports teams in our country are mainly represented in the two forms:the specially-recruited high-level athletes and the athletes selected from the ordinary college students. The different ways of selection influence their sports motivations and their sports performances. So far, there aren't many comparative studies on the sports situational motivation of the two types of players in our country. The purpose of this research aims at finding out the differences of sports situational motivation of the two types of players, and making a psycho-social analysis of the reasons for the differences, hoping that the result of the research could provide some references for the cultivation of more high-level athletes and the exploration of the new sports-training-and-cultural-education-combined methods.The Sports Situational Motivation Scale, established by Guay and amended by Tian bao and Yang ming, is mainly employed as the tool in this research (which includes four dimensions, namely, the internal motivation, the external regulation, the principles of identification and the lack of motivation), to make a research on the 83 specially-recruited college athletes (59 males and 24 females) from 4 "211" colleges and 4 regular institutions of higher learning. By t-testing the independent samples of the research results, the findings are as followed:(1) There are significant differences between the specially-recruited college athletes and the common college athletes in the aspects of the internal motivation and the principles of identification.(2) The external regulation and the lack of motivation represented among the common male college athletes are obviously higher than among the common college athletes.(3) The internal motivation, the principles of identification and the lack of motivation represented among the common female college athletes are obviously higher than among the specially-recruited female college athletes.(4) There is no influence of the types of colleges on the sports motivations of the two types of college athletes.(5) There are positive correlations in the aspects of the internal motivation, the external regulation, the principles of identification and the lack of motivation among the common college athletes; gender correlates positively with the four dimensions; the internal motivation correlates negatively with the external regulation and the lack of motivation; the principles of identification correlates negatively with the external regulation and the lack of motivation.(6) There are positive correlations in the aspects of the internal motivation, the external regulation, the principles of identification and the lack of motivation among the specially-recruited college athletes; the internal motivation correlates negatively with the external regulation and the lack of motivation, so does the principles of identification with the external regulation and the lack of motivation, and gender with the internal motivation and the lack of motivation.Based on the above findings, the researcher recommends:(1) To promote the physical activity, by making use of the internal motivation of the common college athletes, to thoroughly implement the concept of lifelong sports.(2) The leaders of the schools should attach great importance to the physical activity and pay more attention to the construction of the school sports teams in order to create favorable conditions for the common college students to participate in the competitive sports.(3) Sports department should secure the hardware conditions for the sports teams, at the same time, strengthen the software configuration of conditions and establish reasonable incentive provisions. Common college athletes should be provided with enough room for development and the specially-recruited college athletes should be provided with a conducive physical and mental stimulation.(4) Coaches should make more communications with the college athlete members to fully stimulate their internal motivation, in view of the characteristics of their good cultural foundation and strong understanding ability, to make scientific, rational and effective use of different training methods to narrow the gaps of sports skills between them and those specially-recruited college athletes.