Research On Enterprise Green Supply Chain Management Based On Life Cycle Analyses

Since 20th century it has got great improvement both in the economy and the people's life all over the world, but at the same time the economic growth brings the threat such as the shortage of the resource, the environmental pollution and the ecological unbalance. At present people become to pay more and more attention to the environmental issues, and the green supply chain management, which is an advanced management concept and model, is widely accepted in the world. Researchers are focusing on the research and application of the GSCM to optimize the utilization of the resource and minimize the environmental impact. Many research field such as 'how to apply GSCM' in company?' and 'what kind of GSCM is the most effective?' have became more and more popular in domestic and abroad.Green management is necessary because of the intensely competition among the companies, and GSCM is one of the most effective implement to realize the green management. But at present researchers are still at the exploring stage about how to implement GSCM in company and there isn't an integrate theory framework. This article is trying to research on 'how to implement GSCM on the company layer' with the tool of life cycle analyses (LCA). LCA is a tool which distinguishes and valuates the environmental impact of a product, process or activity throughout its entire life cycle, and it is considered as an environmental evaluation tool 'from cradle to grave'. However, the GSCM is also regarded as a management tool 'from cradle to grave', because it manages the product process from the material purchase to the end of the product life. Based on the commonness above, this article applies the LCA to classify the products into four types in terms of the environmental impact in different life stages: short-lived material-intensive product, manufacturing-intensive product, manufacturing-intensive product and product with special end-of-life or disposal characteristics. According to the corresponding relation of the life cycle stage and GSCM, the paper proposes that the companies should apply different GSCM to different type of the product. The method contains green purchase, green manufacture, green marketing and reverse logistics. It can bring economic and environmental performance to companies by implement the green supply chain management, and it can also raise the competition ability.