| From 2001 to2005, the total production value in construction industry increases at 21.3%, which is 7% of GDP. The number of workers in construction industry is over 5.2% of the number of total social workers. Construction industry is playing a more and more important role in national economy. By the end of 2004, the number of workers in construction industry reaches 32,703,400 and shares 10.6% of the total number of workers in secondary and tertiary industry. Among this, the number of workers in construction enterprises is 27,914,300 and the number of construction workers in other fields is 172,700. The number of private or individual operators in construction field is 4,616,400. Among all the workers in construction industry, number of peasantry workers is over 80%."Peasantry worker"is a special concept during the changing period of China economic society. It indicates people whose census register is still peasant, owning contract-land but mainly making a living by receiving wages and contributing themselves in other industries besides agriculture. Peasantry Worker, which is a newborning thing with powerful vitality, is an important symbol to the change of China society from traditional to modern. These workers are new type army occurred during the rapid developing period of China industrialization and urbanization. They are also the huge power to promote the China economy and revolution of social structure. Peasantry workers, limiting by their education background and social class, are always engaged in hardest, most tired and dangerous jobs. Most of them are engaged in industries like manufacturing, construction and services. Industries like mining, construction, hazardous chemicals, Catharine and firecracker industry and so on own largest number of peasantry workers. Theses industries are also with hardest work and highest injuries and deaths rate.Most peasantry workers are commonly lack of social security. Because of actual urban social security system and the understanding distance between city government and enterprises, most peasantry workers are not able to enjoy basic social security. The ratio of injury insurance is very low and this makes peasantry workers hard to receive compensate when injuries and related medical treatments occur. They are facing with huge risk of working security. Many peasantry workers are not able to enjoy timely medical treatment and economic compensate when they are hurt at work.On Jan 1st, Injury Insurance Act is being put into practice over the whole nation. This changes the situation that only staffs of national administration, public institution and some workers in state-owned enterprises can enjoy injury insurance formerly. The act brings all middle and mini-sized enterprises, private enterprises and individual owned business into the scope of the injury insurance. The act firstly brings peasantry workers into the scope of injury insurance distinctly and forms a legal base of injury insurance for peasantry workers. However, this act still has disadvantages when it is being practiced. This makes it difficult to being promoted in industries like construction in which the fluidity of labors is quite high. The injury insurance has not reached full coverage. Many peasantry workers are neither included in the scope of the injury insurance nor enjoy the legal rights and interests after they are hurt at work.Local governments make effective trials of Injury Insurance Act in construction industry according to real local situation and draw up related implementary measures in order to try the best to enlarge the scope of injury insurance. However, this is just supplement and perfection by local government and limitation certainly exist. So, we need to draw up practical measures for Injury Insurance Act nation wide which is suitable for construction industry in order to further perfect and complement injury insurance system for peasantry workers in construction industry. |
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