Study On Petroleum Reserve System Under China

Petroleum reserve is to prevent the interruption of petroleum supply in international market, and thus for ensuring petroleum supply security of the nations, societies and enterprises; it is the most effective measure for ensuring petroleum security, and has such functions as guaranteeing the stable supply of petroleum, stabilizing petroleum price and overawing petroleum embargo. IEA (International Energy Agency) members, especially the developed countries such as The United States, Japan and Germany, have started to establish their petroleum reserve systems since nineteen seventies which has been nearly 30 years from now, and have accumulated rich experiences, and this has played an active role in response to the war, in adjustment of supply and demand, in stabilization of petroleum price and in economy security. In the " tenth Five-year-plan" period, the growth of China's economy entered an accelerating period, and the growth of gross economy has led a stronger demand on energy source, and thus led a increasingly tight energy source supply. The higher the dependence of China's petroleum resource on imports, the deeper the market of our petroleum would be influenced by world market, our national economy would be more easily impacted by petroleum supply interruption and drastic price fluctuation caused by emergent events, and the security of our petroleum or even that of our nation would be more easily jeopardized, therefore the establishment of petroleum reserve system has no time to delay.China is not only a huge petroleum consumption country, but also a country with scarce oil&gas resources per capita, the petroleum resource, oil production and oil consumption per capita only accounting for one-fifth of the average level of the world. China's petroleum consumption accounts for a low proportion in it's overall energy consumption, but petroleum consumption has been increasing year after year, and it's rate of increment is higher than the average rate of increment of energy consumption. In recent years, as the amount of machines and vehicles used in transportation and agriculture has increased a lot, the restriction on the coal use by industrial sections has been increased, the national demand for premium energy source has increased continuously, and this accelerated the petroleum consumption. Presently, the first-stage construction projects of strategic petroleum reserve bases in Zhenhai, Daishan, Huangdao and Dalian have been fully initiated and under construction, and are expected to be completed in 2007, by which the petroleum reserve in Zhenhai will start from 10 million barrels and eventually reach to 150 million barrels. La view of the imminence of the establishment of our petroleum reserve system, this article tries to analyze the issue of sustainable growth of petroleum consumption in China, predict China's petroleum supply & demand gap using grey theory, and based on the research about the well-proved experience of the petroleum reserve system construction in developed countries, the present status of overseas petroleum reserve is compared crossly for reference, and it focuses on the study on the establishment mode, reserve scale, management system and financing mode of China's petroleum reserve system, also the rational site selection and the layout of our petroleum reserve base are analyzed in detail, it is expected to bring a beneficial enlightenment to the construction of our petroleum reserve system and it's development in future, and improve our ability in resisting the oil price fluctuation of the world.