A Study On The Standards And Risk Assessment Method Of Mechanical Safety

Mechanical equipment has been widely used in nearly every part of national economy, and it has been playing an extremely important role in the development of economy. Besides, mechanical product takes a large share of the import and export trade in our country. Nowadays as a result of the coexistence of hand operation, half manual operation and mechanized production, various kinds of mechanical accident are of common occurrence. Meanwhile in modern international trade great attention has been paid to the health and safety of import products, which has been settled as a restricting means of the import of specific products in many countries. Therefore there is great significance of mechanical safety work, especially for the protection of people's life and health, the expanding of export, and the promoting of international trade.Mechanical safety work is consisted of two main aspects: the standardization of mechanical safety and risk evaluation. Relevant contents at home and abroad on these two aspects will be introduced and discussed in this essay.National standard of risk evaluation of mechanical safety has been formulated by equivalently adopting European standard as the guideline document in our country. However this standard is aiming at the design and manufactures stage of machinery, while accidents often happen during the use stage. Therefore it is necessary for the government to formulate relevant regulations on risk evaluation of mechanical safety during the use of machinery. Recently there is a lack of method on synthetic risk appraisal of equipment in use and most enterprises seldom evaluate the risk of devices in use. Based on this situation, two evaluating methods will be suggested in this essay.Generally speaking there are three causes of injury accidents—the unsafe behavior of human, the unsafe situation of equipment, and the unsafe factor of environment. Human, equipment and environment are the direct causes of injury accidents. The problems in these three aspects are mainly due to the defect of safety management, which therefore is the essential reason of the occurrence of injury accidents. According to the above analyze, analogy principle in mathematical modeling has been implied in the first method to form a mathematical formula; the second method is to construct an assessment index system and then calculate the result by using relevant mathematical knowledge such as fuzzy theory and analytic hierarchy process. Since there is a large data in the index system, the working intensity of manual calculating will be very high and it is easy to make mistakes. It would be better when the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is compiled into a procedure by using the mathematical software MATLAB.The purpose of risk assessment of equipment in use is to realize the quantification of the safety grade of mechanical equipment, so that classification management can be carried out and also corresponding protective measures can be taken by the safety management department.