Study On Assessment Of Entrepreneurial Capability Of Feasants

Entrepreneurship plays a unique role in economic development, it can promote economic growth, expand employment and promote efficient utilization of existing resources through a series of effective measures in economics and policy. We can not understand farmer entrepreneurship as a simple addition of confined word "farmer" in front of entrepreneurship. Combined with features shown in the process of farmer entrepreneurship, we define farmer entrepreneurship as a process like the following: in this process, peasants who depend on family organization(or informal organization with loose relationship of relatives and friends) or found new organizations, by investing some productive capital, based on rural areas, expand production scale or engage in new productive activities or carry out a new business in order to attain goals for wealth increase and pursuit of development.Basing on GEM model, factors that influence entrepreneurial capability of peasants can be divided into four classes: self factors, institutional factors, exterior environmental factors and social-cultural factors. Self quality(including psychological quality and capability quality) plays an important role. Psychological quality includes entrepreneurial awareness(including entrepreneurial ideas and entrepreneurial purpose) and risk awareness(including entrepreneurial difficulty and entrepreneurial risk). The effect of institutional factors is reflected through the dual-economic structure and the unique rural institution caused by it. Exterior environmental factors that influence entrepreneurial capability of peasants can be summarized as follows: financial support, the economic level of different regions and policy support. Differences of exterior environment influence the quantity and availability of opportunity of farmer entrepreneurship. Social-cultural factors also make an impact on farmer entrepreneurship.The paper establishes an indicator system on entrepreneurial capability of peasants according to scientific, systematic, and practical principles and analyzes entrepreneurial capability of peasants empirically using expert-point method and level-analysis method to determine the weight of the various indicators. The results show that: China's overall level of farmer entrepreneurship is not high; the eastern part of China is the better while the central part is medial and the western part is poor.To raise entrepreneurial capability of peasants needs government support. Government should perform well in the following aspects: Firstly, enhance entrepreneurial training, raise entrepreneurial capability of migrant workers and strengthen entrepreneurial awareness. Secondly, strengthen entrepreneurial service, make entrepreneurial access as easy as possible. Simplify procedures, open up the green channel timely for migrant workers entrepreneurship and build entrepreneurial platform for migrant workers, provide services on consult and information. Thirdly, improve financial service and provide loan support. Contract limitation on collateral for entrepreneurship and test-experience mortgage of land. Set up support fund to provide subsidy for back-home migrant workers. Fourthly, support migrant workers in tax and fee to minimize entrepreneurial cost. Through cutting tax, lowering interest and freeing fee, provide migrant workers a special relief for entrepreneurship. Fifthly, enhance the construction on entrepreneurial culture, create a strong atmosphere for back-home investment and enhance the attractions of migrant workers entrepreneurship.