| The problem of agriculture,rural areas and farmers always is a fundamental issue of our country construction and development, and the problem of land is the hard-core of these problem. With the eontinuously inereased urbanization and industrialization, traditional family contract responsibility system is no longer adapted to the needs of the development of modern agriculture, and the land system of our country is facing a new challenge. In this context, the system of farmland transfer is emerged. It is the precondition of realizing scale and intensification of farmland management, and is an effective way that to solve the current fragmentation of rural land-use and abandoned, having an important function to optimize the allocation of land resources, improve efficiency of land utilization and increase incomes of farmers and rural economic development. In 2007, Chongqing City is a national comprehensive reform pilot area of balancing urban and rural areas development, approved by the State Council.The process of balancing urban and rural develop to the land transfer, and the land transfer is also the key to balance urban and rural development. Therefore, how to speed up the farmland transfer, rationally distribute rural land, labor, capital and other production factors in order to improve the efficiency of the agricultural economy, is an important research topic to solve the current problem and achieve coordinated development of urban and rural areas.As the main body of farmland transfer, farmers'expectations and behaviors make a fundamental influence for a region to achieve the farmland transfer. So studying on the farmers'expectations and behaviors of farmland transfer, and finding the influence factors and formation mechanism is important for the promotion of farmland transfer.At present, domestic and foreign scholars have conducted a lot of research on farmers' expectations and behaviors in China, and made a lot of results. However, the existing research most is based on the assumption that farmers pursue to revenue maximization, few scholars study on farmers'behaviors from the limited perspective. So this thesis from the perspective of bounded rationality, study influence factors of farmers'expectations and the formation mechanism of farmers'behaviors.The author has taken Jingguanzhen of Beibei district in Chongqing as study area, and understand the actualities and characteristics of farmers'expectations and behaviors by investigating 193 farmers inside the study area. Using the methods of theoretical analysis, demonstration study,qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, it has sdutied the influence factors of farmers'expectations and behaviors, and explored the formation mechanism and process of farmers'behaviors, revealed the potential power and resistance of different types farmers' behavior and proposed measures to promote farmland transfer.Based on results of the investigation and analysis, this thesis takes conclusions as follows:(1)Through the survey, the farmers' farmland transfer expectations in study area will not be strong, the ratio who don't want to transfer farmland is to 45.6%. The local secondary and tertiary sectors aren't developed enough is the source of farmers unwilling to transfer farmland, farmers difficult to obtain stable and adequate non-farm income to protect the life. Meanwhile, the local main agriculture is seedling planting flowers, more-effective agriculture, farmers are more willing to retain farmland.(2)As the main micro-circulation of farmland transfer, the farmers'farmland transfer expectations will be effect by many factors. Empirical results in study area show that:the effect factors of farmers transfer-into farmland and transfer-out farmland are different. In choosed effect factors, the importance of farmland, the age and education degree of head of farmer household and family farm income are the more significant factors for tansfer-out farmland, the function magnitude of them is family farm income>importance of farmland>age of head of farmer household>education degree of head of farmer household; The family farm income, non-farm income and household labor numbers will more affect the farmers transfer-into farmland,the function magnitude of them is family non-farm income>household labor numbers>family farm income. The survey of the intention households show that the rent levels and the establishment of rural social security system will have a positive effect on transfer-out of farmland, the higher the rent level, the more perfect the social security system in rural areas, farmers'expectations of transfer-out will turn out more strongly.(3)Farmers'expectations of transfer farmland to some extent determines the farmers'behavior of transfer farmland, it is an intermediate variable which revealed the formation mechanism of farmers'transfer farmland behavior. Validated by empirical analysis that the importance of farmland, the household labor numbers, agriculture policy and government organizations,others will more affect the farmers'behavior of transfer farmland. In them, the regressive coefficient of government organizations,others on farmers'transfer farmland behavior is 3.149.Farmers' behaviors of farmland transfer are seriously influenced by the government in study area, and is different with the farmers'expectations of farmland transfer.(4) In farmland transfer, any farmers pursue the target of maximum benefit that produced according to their own characteristics and natural resources. The difference between farmers' behavior of farmland transfer was determined according the different of the farmer's own characteristics and target of behavior, this paper will divided farmer into three categories: conservative farmers, wait and see farmers and positive-type farmers. The analysis of different types farmers showed that:different types of farmers have different potential and resistance to achieve the farmland transfer. Therefore, different types farmers need to take different measures to guide and promote their participation in farmland tansference. |
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