A Study On The Impaction Of Agricultural Modernization After The Transfer Of Rural Labor Force In Chongqing

Chongqing is experiencing the process that a large number of rural labor transfer to urban and non-agricultural sector now. Rural labor transfer is an important part of the industrialization process, but it also led to the loss of talent and capital in rural areas, which created the contradictiong to the demand of agricultural modernization. In this paper, we studied the various impaction of which Rural Labor Transfer makes to agricultural modernization.The research is important to keeping the rural labor orderly and realizing the agricultural modernization.This paper compares the labor supplies in rural areas of Chongqing and the labor demands for realizing agricultural modernization, we also analysed the transfer of Chongqing rural labor how to affect the agricultural productions,farmers incomes and the land utilizations, and what impaction had made to them. We try to sovle the contradiction between the Rural labor transfer and the demand of agricultural modernization by these. We not only need to ensure the rural labor transfer is orderly, but also to accelerate the realization of agricultural modernization in Chongqing. The rural labor transfer experiences of developed countries which had realized the agricultural modernization and the classical theories of labor transfer have been studied in this paper,too. Then we combine the actual situation in Chongqing to discuss the appropriate mode for rural labor transfer and the appropriate way for agricultural modernization in Chongqing.The main content of the thesis contains:The first part, we presented the background and issues, figured out the methods and the purpose for the research, summarized and reviewed the research status at home and abroad to lay a theoretical foundation for the article. It contains literature review,chapter 1 general remarks, chapter 2 theory of reference and thesis frame. The second part, by describing the status and the appeared problems of rural labor force transfer in Chongqing to know the supplies of rural labor force in Chongqing. Then evaluate the level of development of agricultural modernization in Chongqing and learn the experience of the developed countries, analyse the demands of rural labor force for the agricultural modernization from quantity and quality. Then compares the supply and the demands to analyse the effcection that the transfer of rural labor force makes to the agricultural modernization. It's the contents of Chapter3.The third part, empirical analysis. By establishing mathematical model, using the econometric method to analyze the effection that the transfer of rural labor force in Chongqing makes to agricultural modernization from agricultural output, the farmers income and the land utilizations. It includes the contents of Chapter 4 and Chapter 5.The fourth part, provide policy recommendations on the base of the research conclusions to solve the contradiction between the Rural labor transfer and the demand of agricultural modernization. To ensure the transfer of rural labor orderly, in the same time, accelerate the agricultural modernization in Chongqing. We also conclued the shortage of this paper. It contans chaper 6.The main research conclusions include:1 The rural labor force transfer in Chongqing still exists many problems. Although the current rural labor transfer in Chongqing is at a large-scale, but compared to the needs of the agricultural modernization, the rural labor force in Chongqing is surplus, a large number of rural labor force still need to be transfered. And compare from the level of education, the migrant workers is higher than those labor force stay in rural areas. Compared to the developed countries,the qualiti of rural labor force in Chongqing is too low to realize agricultural modernization. In addition, the rural laboe force movement in Chongqing also exsit problems as low degree of organization, lack of effective guidance, market awareness is weak, the transfer lack of instability and so on.2 The agricultural modernization in Chongqing is still at a low level, and faces many problems. The evaluate result of the level of the agricultural modernization in Chongqing shows that it's still stay at the initial stage. The distance to fully realize the agricultural modernization is far away. For so many high quality rural labor force and young labor force had been transferred to cities and non-agricultural sector, the develop of the agricultural modernization is lack of main force and reserve force. The advanced agricultural technology could not be popularize and utilized in rural areas. And the lack of agricultural investment also lead to low level agricultural modernization in Chongqing.3 Empirical analysis shows that there is a significant negative correlation between the inputs of agricultural labor force in Chongqing and the agricultural output. It means that the agricultural output is decease with the increase input of agricultural labor, and the agricultural output is increase with the decrease input of agricultural labor. It also shows that there is a large number surplus rural labor force in Chongqing at present. Becurse the marginal labor productivity of the surplus rural labor force is approach to 0, the he agricultural output is decease with the increase input of agricultural labor. This shows the large number surplus rural labor force in Chongqing is harmful to the agricultural modernization,.Moreover, the quality of the rural labor force is so low that the agricultural modernization is diffcult to realize.There is a significant positive correlation between the number of the rural labor force transferred and the famers'income growth. That is the income of farmers in Chongqing increase with the number of rural labor force transferred increase.In recent years, more an more rural labor force are moving to urban and non-agricultural industries, and the wage income of rural residents has also been a increased. Since the proportion of wage income in the farmers'income increased, the rural residents per capita net income growth has also been increased. Income of farmers increased, farmers invest in agriculture is also increasing. They began to invest more capital to carry out reproduction and the purchase of advanced agricultural production equipment and learn advanced agricultural technology. So the agricultural mechanization and the development of modern agriculture has been greatly promoted.In the case of having much people but little land in Chongqing, the conficl between people and land is outstanding,and the increase in land utilization has become an important aspect of the modernization of agriculture.In the process that a large number of rural labor transfer to urban and non-agricultural industries, a large number of arable land is uncultivated or contract farming to peasants at home, making the the multiple cropping being less and land use efficiency lower, certainnly, the realization of agricultural modernization in Chongqing had been adversely affected.In addition, because the number of rural labor force staying in rural is growing, the average arable land area that the farmers could cultivate is growing too. It expanded the scale of the rural land management and it's helpful to the agricultural modernization.In general, the flow of rural labor force had a positive impact on the fundsinput of the agricultural modernization in Chongqing, and made negative impact on the extent of land use and land-use efficiency, also had a positive effect on the scale of land management.