Tacit Knowledge Transfer Under Different Cooperative Innovations

With the development of economic globalization and knowledge economy era, the enterprises'external environment has undergone heavy changes, which is more and more competitive. The risk and uncertainties of business technological innovation are more and more high, and even the powerful enterprises are lack of adequate resources, making cooperative innovation as a business choice. Technological innovation is based on knowledge, especially tacit knowledge, which is the key to gaining competitive advantage. Thus, researching on tacit knowledge transfer under different cooperative innovation is bebefit to business technological innovation and sustainable competitive advantages.There are already having many research and results on how to use cooperative innovation gaining tacit knowledge from other organizations. However, these research also has some problems.First, gaining tacit knowledge from other organizations involves in cross-organizational knowledge transfer, but the existing research has not paid much attention to this, and also not distinguished different modes of cooperative innovation.Second, as an important cooperative innovation mode, technology alliance in China is less used, which should have been paid much attention.This paper has used empirical research method to study these two issues. Part three is for the first question. This part studies the problem from the perspective of firms, and does a research on influential factors and ways of tacit knowledge transfer under different cooperative innovation modes,holding that tacit knowledge transferring in university-industry cooperative innovations and cooperation among firms is strong and the patterns of transfer are various, but the later is effected negatively by the competition among these cooperative firms.Part four is for the second question. Using game theory and transaction cost theory, this section establishes a cost analysis model of technology alliance, analyzing why technology alliance in China is so few, holding that higher costs of the establishment of technology alliance is the reason; and then make an analysis through the questionnaire on quantitative analysis of the above conclusions.Researching on tacit knowledge transfer under different cooperative innovation modes is benefit to the development of theory study on the innovation and knowledge management, and also is a response to strategy of "building an innovative country".