Research On Transfer Of Right To Use Rural Collectively-owned Land Based On Agricultural Economic Performance

At present, the issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers are called as"Three Rural Issues". The peasant problem is the key problem of the country problems and it displays that farmers' income is low, increasing farmers'income is difficult and the gap between urban and rural residents'income is big. The essence of the problem lies in the farmer's rights is not guaranteed. The rural problem focuses on the backward conditions and underdeveloped economy. The agricultural problem focuses on low level of industrialization. Among them, the essence of the peasant problem is the land problem. Therefore, the essence to solve the"Three Rural Issues"is to solve the peasant's land problem, achieving the growth of farmers'income, agricultural growth and rural stability through the reform of rural land system.Since the founding of new China, the rural land system has experienced three major changes. It is worth mentioning that the third land system reform had only adjusted the relationship of the collective land utilization based on holding to socialistic system and refusing to change collective ownership of land. It seems to be providing the experience for the new rural collective land system reform that adjusting again the relationship of the collective land utilization based on collective ownership of land, liberating the productive forces and optimizing the allocation of resources continuously by changing the usage means of the collective land. Basing on the experiences, this paper conducts the series of research on transfer of right to use rural collectively-owned land to provide the theory direction to the new rural land system reform.The important success criterion of the economic system reform is that the implementation of the policy of reform improves the economic performance. Therefore, starting from the improvement of agricultural economic performance, the paper studies the collective land circulation problems and explores the ways of promoting the land circulation to establish an effective mechanism for further liberating the rural productivity and adapting socialized production development. Mechanism design theory states that the market mechanism is only the mechanism which uses the minimum information to produce Pareto Optimum allocation. Therefore, the effective way to improve economic performance and realize agricultural development through the land circulation is to establish collective land circulation market and the relevant market supervision and incentive mechanism. New institutional economics theory states that institutional change consists of the marginal adjustment to the complex construction of the rules, standards and implementation which constitutes the institutional framework. Therefore, this article insists on this point that the rural land system reform must be based on the basis of collective land ownership. Only under such conditions for implementing the marginal adjustment to a series of specifications and structures, it may avoid economic larger fluctuation, improve economic performance and safeguard social stability and achieve steady economic growth. In addition, the experience and evidence of the system reform home and abroad confirms that to implement the key reform under the communist system, the two important conditions must be met synchronously—the strong impetus for reform from the grassroots and the support for reform from highest leadership. Starting from these two conditions, the paper focuses on the game relationships between two or more sides which exist in the process of establishing collective land circulation market and explores the ways to achieve the gaming equilibrium between the grassroots and the highest leadership to make collective land circulation work get both supports simultaneously.