Mechanism Of Rural Land Transfer In China

Land resources areso vital to humans that land is the material basis of human survival and development as well as basic means of production in agriculture. Since1980s, along with the improvement of labor productivity and the development of the first, second and third industry, the specialization and mechanization of agricultural production have gradually been improved. In the meanwhile, due to the increasing gap of the comparative effectiveness between industry and agriculture, the transfer of rural labor to cities speeds up gradually and the scale of transfer is increasing. However, just like the other economic reforms in China, rural land transfer is originally caused by the induced resistance as well, leading to the presence of a variety of problems in its process. Based on the analysis ofthe mechanism theories on rural land transfer, the paper first combsthe historical evolution of rural land transfer since the founding of the Chinese Communist Party in order to provides experience for promoting China’s rural land transfer, and then examines the practice of China’s rural land transfer, on the basis of pointing out its driving force,thecurrent status, operation mode and problemsare introduced, trying to identify the reasons for poor running the transfer mechanism of rural land, In addition, promotesthe mechanism innovation of rural land transfer from the four aspects of activatingthe force, improving the market, controlling&avoiding risk and improving supporting measures with an empirical analysis of the rural land transfer mechanism in Shaoyang city, Among which the dynamic mechanism is the foundation, the market mechanism is the core, risk-controlled mechanism is the key, and to improve the supporting measures is the security.The main contents are as follows:To begin with, such concepts as rural land, rural land transfer are defined tomake clear the scope of this study andthe theoretical foundation of land transfer mechanism are illustrated as well.There are a wide range ofrelevant theories that the research of rural land transfer involves, mainly including Coase’s Theory of Property Rights, Hypothesis of Farmers’ Behavioral ration. Some principles and methods of these theoriesare of guiding significance and reference to the study of China’s rural land system. Then follows the historical evolution and practice of rural land transfer. The historical evolution of rural land transfer mechanism since the founding of the Communist Party is combedso as to provide reference for the reform of rural land transfer mechanism in the new era. Based on this, the practice of China’s rural land transfer is expounded, analyzed from such few aspects as the internal driving force, current status, existing problems and reasons.What’s more, the connotation and composition of dynamic mechanism of rural land is theoretically explained, and the influencing factorsof rural land transfer power are analyzed from two such aspects as intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. On this basis, the measures of activating rural land transfer forcesare proposed. Furthermore, somemechanisms in the marketing of rural land transfer are analyzed in details such as mechanism of price, supply and demand, competition and profit distribution. Based on this, some measures are proposed to improve and perfect the marketing mechanism of rural land transfer in China.In addition, various risks and their causes that exist in rural land transfer are analyzed primarily from four such aspects as the government, the market of rural land transfer, the outflow side of rural land and the transferee of rural land. and to rationally control the risk of rural land transfer four aspects of proposition are presented from the government, law, agricultural insurance system and the personnel training of agricultural production and management.Accordingly, the innovation paths of rural land transfer mechanism are proposed. Based on the previous analysis, the innovative policy proposals to promote the mechanism of rural land transfer are made from three aspects:the market construction of rural land transfer, the reform of income distribution system and its supporting measures. In particular, Shaoyang city is taken as an example, in which the factors affecting the behaviors of supply and demand in rural land transfer are analyzed. And an empirical analysis of such influencing factors are made as ordinary farmers participating in the inflow and outflow of rural land transfer, large farming household and business organizations involved in the inflow land of rural land transfer and the balanced prices of supply and demand of rural land transfer formed. Additionally, the comparison before and after the intermediary organizations get involved in rural landtransfer is analyzed empirically.