Research On Emergency Resources Scheduling For Chemical Accidents In Chemical Industry Park Based On WebGIS

As a chemical industrial development model, Chemical Industry Park has been normalized gradually in China. Although this development model brings considerable “scale economics effects”, the safety administration of Chemical Industry Park is always faced with challenges. Because of the risky processes and harmful substances, the essential safety is difficult even impossible to achieve in chemical production. Hence, the emergency rescue capabilities should be strengthened. As the main accident type of Chemical Industrial Park, the chemical accidents inevitably become the focus of emergency management.As an important part of emergency settlement processes, emergency resources scheduling will directly affects the emergency rescue operations and rescue efforts. But a scientific and rational emergency resource scheduling scheme always cannot be made rapidly, because of the complicated characters and mechanism of chemical accidents and the emergency decision makers’ heavy mental burden which be caused by extremely negative social effects of chemical accidents. The emergency rescue operations may exist the possibilities to be delayed. So, the emergency resource scheduling of chemical accidents in Chemical Industry Park should be studied urgently and the relevant computer-aided system should be developed. The research work is carried out as the following four aspects:(1) The type and amounts of emergency resources demands. The requirement types of emergency resource were analyzed, through the characters of different chemical accidents scenarios in Chemical Industry Park. The estimation model of emergency resource demands for single chemical accident scenario was proposed, which was based on accident scenario and requirement structure network. Furthermore, considering the domino effect accidents were easily happened in Chemical Industry Park because of the concentration of hazardous installation, another estimation model of emergency resource demands for underlying domino effect accident scenario was presented based on the calculation of probability for accident scenario and a new method of emergency resource classification which was named “universality-individuality”.(2) The travel time of emergency resources dispatching. Considering the emergency resource demands have the character of urgency and don’t need to care about the cost, the optimization objective was designed for formulating the emergency travel time. This rule claimed that the emergency rescue vehicles should choose the best path which enabled the vehicles cost the minimum travel time from relief points to accident spots on the premise of traffic safety. Three key factors which influence the emergency travel time were proposed besides road impedance, intersection impedance and risk impedance. The relevant quantitative calculation models were structured for the above impedances. Finally, the calculation of emergency travel time and the optimal path were realized through the network analysis function of GIS.(3)The scheduling schemes of emergency resources. The properties of emergency resource scheduling of chemical accidents in Chemical Industrial Park were study through analyzing its features. It was shown that the above emergency resource scheduling problem have four characters besides “multi-relief spots”, “multi-emergency resources”, “single-accident spots” and “continuous consumption”. And on this basis an two-objective optimization model was proposed to solve the emergency resource scheduling problem, taking “the earliest emergency start time and “the fewest number of retrieval depots” as objective function.(4) The assistance decision support system. The emergency resource scheduling aid decision system applied to chemical accidents in Chemical Industrial Park was developed based on the technology of Web GIS.