| Tourism is a comprehensive industry which has social, economic and other benefits. The development of inbound tourism takes important effect and significance to establish national image, carry forward national civilization, earn foreign exchange through export and promote investment. Inbound tourism of China in the east part develops better than the west, which brings imbalance of east-west region and the Matthew Effect, but also brings Trickle-down effect. Factors of production and inbound tourist flows were transported continuously from growth poles of east to west part, driving the development of west inbound tourism. The Silk Road is highlight in tourist line recommended by national tourism bureau. The line congregates abundant historic and cultural heritage of China, which attracts lots of tourists. The Silk Road in China:Shaanxi-Gansu-Xinjiang, locate in the northwest of China, whose development can get huge economic and social effect such as promoting tourism economy in national minority areas, and the development of the west region.This research relies on the National Natural Science Foundation Project of China [The Study of the East-West Progressive and Evolutional Mechanism of Inbound Tourist Flows of Representative Regions in China (NO.40771058)]. The thesis takes inbound tourist flows of the Silk Road as research object, directed by theories of collecting-distributing of tourist flows, space structure, and system, utilizes inbound tourism statistics published by state authorities and surveys from sample surveys of inbound tourism market of which the writer participated in 2008, uses means of marketing surveys, depth interview, data analysis. The research combines macro scope and micro scope, theory and practice, analyze deeply flow of tourist flows and coupling evolvement with some economic regions of the Silk Road, which aim to advance the development of inbound tourism and balance the east and the west.The core issues of this thesis are:First, analyze of behavior of inbound tourists of the Silk Road. Count the demographic factors; analyze inbound tourists'cognition to Shaanxi-Gansu-Xinjiang and cities, and research inbound tourists'motivation with Pull-Push theory, which about the pull force, push force and friction.Second, analyze Spatio-temporal changes of tourist flows of the Silk Road:runoff and time of tourist flows, the preferred city to enter China and cities of travel routes. Based on the data of National Natural Science Foundation Project of China, take detailed induced studies of travel routes of inbound tourist flows in the Silk Road, directed by the theories of tourist destination region mode and Gini coefficient, and want to take upgrade to the theory.This research gains conclusions and revelations as follows:(1) The proportion of tourists'age, occupation, family type shows partiality to time because long-route and so many attractions of the Silk Road; And most tourists have bachelor or master's degree, the proportion of annual income more than 80,000 dollars is higher than other tourist regions, shows that cultural heritage and a long route of the silk road require high appreciation and financial level.(2) Inbound tourists'cognition to Xi'an of Shaanxi is better than cognition to Urumchi of Xinjiang and Dunhuang of Gansu; Results shows inbound tourists would cognize the same city differently, and give the city they're traveling high score. Tourism can produce more cognition to destinations, can increase communication and exchange between different regions, cultures, races, and play a role that avoid prejudice, facilitate communication.(3) research on inbound tourists'motivation discovers that pull force of the Silk Road comes from tourism environment and attractions, friction comes from human factor of tourism transportation and distance, push force is combined by tourist factor, physical and psychological needs and spiritual development demand.(4) Tourism of the Silk Road has been effected by events for 10 years, Gansu decreased especially; travel time of inbound tourists in Shaanxi increased slowly, the preferred site to enter China is Beijing, Shanghai and Xinjiang. The number of cities they traveled is three or more than three.(5) On the studies of travel routes of inbound tourist flows in the Silk Road, the research found that main diffused direction are Xi'an-Beijing, Xi'an-Shanghai, Xi'an-tourism cities in southwest and Xi'an-cities in Gansu, which shows that Xi'an is close to port cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, tourism cities in southwest, and connects with Xinjiang inbound tourists'flows by cities in Gansu, forming single node destination mode;The preferred city to enter Gansu is Dunhuang; main diffused directions are Dunhuang-Jiangyuguan, Dunhuang-Turpan, so Dunhuang transfers tourists flows from east to west, and Gansu forms multiple node destination mode, whose gini coefficient is 0.228, and space of tourist flow is somewhat balanced.The preferred city to enter Xinjiang is Urumchi, whose function of transfer tourist flow is greatly; main diffused directions are Urumchi-Dunhuang, Urumchi-Kashi, Urumchi-Turpan, forms circulation of Urumchi-Turpan-Hami-Urumchi, circulation of Urumchi-Dunhuang-hami-Turpan-Urumchi, and circulation of Urumchi-Dunhuang-hami-Turpan; Xinjiang forms multiple node destination mode, whose gini coefficient is 0.265, and space of tourist flow is somewhat balanced. The Silk Road forms chain node destination mode.(6) In the analysis of the tourist flows and the intension of tourist economy between the Silk Road and port cities, the studies get that Beijing is closely related to the Silk Road, tourists flows from Beijing to the west is significant factors to the tourism economy, Beijing's tourist flows effect greatly to the Silk Road; Shanghai takes general influence to the Silk Road; Guangzhou takes negative influence to the Silk Road. Ningxia is the only high-coupling region to the Silk Road in China in 2009, and most comparatively high coupling regions have a common boundary with shaanxi provinces, most low coupling regions are away from the Silk Road region, accord with rule of distance attenuation.This research aims to make innovations in the following four aspects:Research methods:use pull-push theory, coupling principium, theory of tourist destination region mode and gini coefficient, to research Spatio-temporal changes of tourist flows of the Silk Road.Research perspectives:the thesis takes inbound tourist flows in Shaanxi-Gansu-Xinjiang as the research object; study Spatio-temporal aspects from Multiple dimensions, and have somewhat contribution to application of world cultural heritage.Research contents:take studies of travel routes of inbound tourist flows in the Silk Road, want to take upgrade to the theory, study relations between port cities and the Silk Road, and make some suggestions about enhance tourism competitiveness of the Silk Road of Chinese section. |
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