Demographic Dividend And Economic Growth

Since the last century 60's, the economical growth of some nations such as Japan,South Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore, had maintained in a quite high level for more than 30 years, it is called "the East Asian miracle". "The East Asian miracle" has caused many scholar's thorough research, and it becomes a hot spots which attracted universal attention of international society. Some research indicated that, the fully used demographic dividend which the population transformation brought to appearence is one of the important reasons.Chinese demographic transformation has thevery big similarity with the demographic transformation of East Asian area, in particular Japanese, the experience and the achievement which the East Asian economy development obtains has provided a very good illustration for our country economical development. Now our country is occupying the labor force rich supplies time, along with time passing, the superiority of the labor force resources will transform the old age population burden very quickly.If the rich labor force resources during this temporary population dividend time can not be fully tapped, we shall lose the good opportunity through the cash demographic dividend to promote our country's economic development certainly. Therefore, studies our country the population dividend, holds historical opportunity which the demographic transformation brings, thus realizes the sustainable economic growth, have the vital significance to impel our country economic development, and alleviate the question which has not been rich under the old pressure.This article introduces the concept and forming process of demographic dividend, and through the analysis of the change of the Chinese population birthrate, the mortality and the population burden coefficient, it shows that the population transformation completed fast caused Chinese demographic dividend to come early also to go quickly, and the pattern of our country's demographic dividend belongs to the representative quick transformation and short persistence one. The demographic transitions make China begin to enjoy the demographic dividend from the 1990s, and the Chinese demographic dividend time will finish in about 2030, revealing the tendency which the demographic dividend will disappear soon. The future ten years will be richest times of Chinese demographic dividend. Then, through the contribution ratio of various essential factors in the high speed period of China's economical growth and the comparison superiority principle, this article has analyzed economical growth achievements of the sufficient labor force supplies, and further elaborated economical growth effect of the full employment which is the cash way of the demographic dividend, it pointed out our country's demographic dividend made tremendous accelerating action to the economy growth. But through analyzing the cashing condition of Chinese demographic dividend since the 1990s, we could find that the cash condition was not very good, there were so much hindrance in the social environment and system to full cashing of the demographic dividend. Then this article suggests that we need to take the effective measures of the financial policy, the industrial policy, the management service policy, the education policy and the population policy, to mitigate and the eliminate each kind of disadvantage factor which the current as well as we will face from now on, if we want to maximize the cashing of the little remaining demographic dividend, and transform the latent opportunity into the real economical growth and wealth accumulation.