The Research On Making Full Use Of Population Dividend And Promoting The Sustainable Development Of China’s Economy

Population dividend as an economic theory which appears recently is aboutpopulation changes, and the main research of it is the relation between population agestructure change and economic growth. In recent years, due to China’s rapid economicgrowth and the ageing population, this theory has caused wide attention of domesticand aboard scholars. This paper tries to use Marx’s theory of reserve force industry,lewis’ dual economic structure theory and Tian xueyuan’s population dividendviewpoint to explore the origins of the population dividend theory, state theprofessional point of experts and scholars, summarize the intension and extension ofthe population dividend.At the same time, this paper also sum up the realization of thepopulation dividend from the labor resources, the flowing of labor,higher laborpopulation quality,the participation of labor itself,and unfold the the reason why thisdividend can promote the economic growth. Based on this population dividendtheory,the sixth time population census and the exist research methods of otherresearchers, we can judge our current population structure is in the demographicdividend period, exactly excessive profits period, and point out that the demographicpopulation dividend will be end in2030. Meanwhile, the paper summarizes thecharacteristics of the present population dividend: birth level has dropped sharply in ashort term, not rich old before, demographic dividend period and socialtransformation, reform and opening up and the other countries’ impact. With theReform and Opening up Policy, China’s rapid economic development is inseparablefrom the demographic factors, favorable population age structure in China providesufficient labor resources. Using demonstrating methods we will do some reseachwhich can reflect how the30years of China’s population dividend contribute to thegrowth of the economy, and calculates the contribution rate. But we should knowpopulation dividend also has some negative influence: excessive reliance on cheaplabor, wage convergence,not using entiely advantages of population capital, neglecting the technology innovation and efficiency,the low efficiency of energy usingand the environmental pollution problems. These problems above all affect thepopulation dividend. And this paper sums up the restricted factors including theinfluence of the great employment pressure, the dual management system of thehousehold register obstacles, low quality of labor,social security system defect,andhow to caught short opportunity to extend demographic dividend period. At the sametime, we look abroad, use foreign population dividend experience，take Japanese as arepresentive country to absorb the country’s successful experience concerningpopulation dividend, emphasize the development of human resources andaccumulation, calm to China’s aging population problem, pay attention to the totalproductivity enhancement, establish harmonious labor relations, and provide somereference and thinking for the sustainable development of our future populationdividend.Though the comprehensive analysis above,this paper provide suggestionsfrom four aspects to promote sustainable development of countermeasures by meansof using of demographic dividend: imple an active policy of employment, make fulluse of the current demographic dividend,speed up the transfer of surpluslabor,promote the labour flow freely,improve the quality of the labor force, payattention to the importance of human resource development,establish a sustainableendowment assurance pattern and fully exploit the second demographic dividend.