Based On The Exchange Rights Perspective Of Urban Poverty

The history of economic development and social progress in any country is one that gradually shakes off poverty. In other words, any history of social development is an anti-poverty one. Urban poverty as a major social and economic issue can be see around the world, and brings a wide range of concern. So, the research on urban poverty has great theoretical and practical significance.The real urban poverty in China has happened in 1990s.As the Urbanization process speeded up, complicated changes have happened to urban poverty and it is urgent to solve them . Especially in recent years ,urban poverty is the key point to solve the livelihood issues. Scholars of China have created many understanding regularity knowledge in studying urban poverty problem, such as the content of urban poverty,the urban poor and the reasons of urban poverty, and they made considerable achievements. However, as space and time changes, urban poverty problem has complicated changes, and there is a lot of room to continue to go. The article uses Amartya Sen's poverty theory, that is exchange entitlement theory and takes xi 'an city for a example gives a explanation to urban poverty. Then the article uses grey relational analysis method, with related data, gives an order among employment, income, production and social security and other factors, and tries to explore urban anti-poverty measures.There are six chapters in this article:Chapter One rises problems .It gives a brief summery of the background of study on this text, the research meaning, and introduces the research thought, methods and the possible innovation.Chapter Two gives the relevant achievement and the basic theories of the research.Chapter Three makes a summery of the urban poverty problem .Firstly, on the macro-level ,the article gives a description of China's urban poverty phenomenon; and secondly, on the micro-level ,gives a multi-angle angle description and analysis to the poverty in xi 'an city.Chapter Four uses Amartya Sen's exchange entitlement theory as research and analysis tool to give a theoretical analysis of the poverty in xi 'an city, and reveals urban poverty is the result of decline in the exchange entitlement. Then, the article makes a "individuals -market -government" analysis. On this basis, the article defines the nature of urban poverty and the consequences of the decline in exchange entitlement.Chapter Five uses grey relational analysis method to make a empirical analysis of poverty in Xi'an city .and then makes a relational order among employment, production, social security and income, which have impact to the decline of exchange entitlement. It is lower than the one before it. Chapter Six proposes some thoughts about anti-poverty .We should have correct understanding of the nature of poverty, and then design a systemic framework for improving exchange entitlement, make sure the main leader and other participants and their roles and responsibilities; and then, clarify objectives of the anti-poverty task arrangements .Through all of this to improve the poor's exchange entitlement, help them out off poverty and lead a normal life.Chapter Four and Chapter Five are the important parts .they both make a more detailed and depth study to the poverty. The incidence of poverty is not because there is have not enough supplies or services in reality, but because of the decline exchange entitlement of the poor. The employment, production, social security and income factors have impact to this decline. And there is a three -dimensional space has impact to these factors. The article makes a relational order among employment, production, social security and income. It uses incidence rate of poverty ,the average number of employment in every family, the average people the employer must burden, the ratio of the non-farm GDP in city GDP, the minimum level of social protection and the per capital income to be the behavior sequence, and makes a empirical analysis, and reveals the impact of the factors .This article tries to make a combining between empirical and norm , theory and practice, macro and micro , takes xi 'an city for example ,and gives a more profound understanding of urban poverty from the exchange entitlement perspective.