Poverty Of Rural Women Study

Poverty is not only a historical problem, but also an eternal topic of economics and sociology. In a sense, the historical development of any country is a history of against poverty, China is no exception. Since reform and opening, with the development of market economy and the evolution of industrialization and urbanization, a large number of rural surplus labor force gradually transfer from the first industry to secondary and tertiary industries, so a large number of women have to stay rural areas. Due to many aspects of women's innate constraints such as physical deficiencies, low income in agriculture and so on. Once the husbands of migrant do not remittance, rural women will fall into poverty in an instant. In addition, compared with male, they can easily fall into poverty. Because they have fewer opportunities in education, political decision-making sector and the proportion of economic activity and so on. United Nations Development Program in the "Human Development Report" (1995) noted that 1.3 billion people live in poverty in the worldwide, in which women account for 70%. China has been the research data and statistical data about poor rural women are consistent with the gender characteristics of poverty around the world. It can be said that the problem of rural women's poverty is not only poverty, but also an important issue which relates to the social and economic development and the construction of new socialist countryside. So it is necessary that we should put poor women issue into the study areas both theory and policy. In this paper, the author proposed a series of poverty reduction measures by redefining the meaning of poverty, describing poverty status of rural women and analyzing the causes of rural women's poverty in the background of China.This article is divided into six parts:The first chapter is an introduction. The first chapter mainly talks about the article's research background and significance, research objectives, research ideas, methods and domestic and international research profile.The second chapter is the classic definitions on poverty at home and abroad. This chapter describes that some scholars at home and abroad have defined the meaning of poverty from the economic point of view, social exclusion perspective and the lack of right, on this basis, proposing the meaning of women in poverty, analyzing the characteristics of women in poverty. The third chapter is the status of poor women in rural areas. This chapter shows that the poverty of rural women include material poverty and human poverty, the material poverty of rural women is described by income and expenditures status, living conditions, status of consumption situation and other aspects. Human poverty is mainly described from knowledge and rights.The fourth chapter analyzes the causes of rural women in poverty. This chapter points out that the causes of poverty of rural women are both institutional factors and non-institutional factors. System factors include the education system, land use system, family planning system and so on. Non-institutional factors include cultural practices, family traditions, lower personal quality, poor ability of life, weak social support networks and so onThe fifth chapter is policies and ideas of resolving women in poverty. In the first place, this chapter provides the first policy about reducing poverty which play its own role in poverty reduction. In addition, the author think that reducing women poverty should strengthen the cooperation between the Federation and the Government. In the third place, the government should strengthen human capital investment, put gender budget into the social statistics, improve the social family planning, strengthen the media's attention, to empower women and so on.The last chapter is about the conclusions and discussions. This chapter summarizes the basic ideas of this article, and pointes out the lack and innovation about this paper and further research directions.