A Study On The Development And Dilemma Of Individuals In China

As the social existence with independent consciousness, the individual is the basic unit of society. The development of the individual is the purpose and core of human historical development. Individual development is not isolated but adapted to the development of social and historical process. Therefore in certain social historical conditions, individual development inevitably impacted by political, economic, social and cultural environment which will be the influence and restriction.Since modern times, Chinese people gradually get rid of the Confucian ethics ideology under the authoritarian rule, liberate from the patriarchal authority. The individual consciousness of independence and freedom enhanced significantly. However with the deepening of the reform and opening up, as in the era of economic reform and social transition, individual development of China social shows the unique characteristics, which including the particularity, namely individual and national shows opposite relationship because of a shortage of the development of the social function; diversity, namely the selection of individual development become more unconstrained, the width and depth of the individual development improve significantly; contradiction, namely the conflict between modern culture and traditional culture, individual and family, individual and society is becoming more and more highlighted; passivity, namely the individual development is to a great extent driven by the national policy and market economy passively.The era characteristics also suggests that China’s individual development is bound to be in trouble, which including the unity of opposites of personal and family, the individual desire leave family and pursue freedom, but at the same time they can’t separable from family because of responsibilities or dependency; the game of individual and organization, that is, on one hand organizations become the fetters of individual freedom, but on the other hand, in order to avoid the potential crisis, people choose "escape from freedom", which make independent individuals tend to return to dependence on the organization; the gap between the rich and the poor is becoming widening, which show a serious negative impact on individual psychological and individual development; Economic and social development is accompanied by a variety of risks and uncertainties, the sense of security and trust is missing and people’s happiness is sinking.The reasons of the above dilemma including the following:firstly the development of personality and personal potential is limited by the lag of social development; the stratification and fracture of social exacerbating the collapse of social trust and social credibility. At the same time, coexist of social mobility and hierarchy curing has a bad effect on the full development of individual ability and the realization of individual value; individualized process has intensified the lack of trust, which increases the individual’s loneliness and negative psychological. people was forced to abandon a variety of individual character freedom and accept the popular choice; extreme "consumerism" tendency masks the individual spirit need, makes individual development deviate from the highest goal; moral belief crisis confuses individual value judgment, exacerbates the mental dilemma of individual development; the freedom of personality and mental development is ignored because deformity of social development and materialization of individual development.This paper argues that based on Marx’s freedom and comprehensive development thought, in order to break the current individual development predicament and find a way to enhance the individual development healthily, we must construct the system of "country society and the individual" by mobilizing the positive factors, liberate people from the individualized society dilemma and make people freedom and comprehensive development successfully in the current social conditions and social foundation that already exists on promoting individual development,go to Marx’s "personal freedom and comprehensive development."...