Field Report On Education Of Rural Vulnerable Children In Shenmu County Of Shaanxi Province

Since the Reform and Opening up policy, and particalarly with the rapid development of the west China in recent20years, the western region’s economy has developed rapidly, the coverage of public services in rural area are gradually improved and expanded. Comparing with the last century, the enrollment rate of children’s education as an important part of social business has been greatly improved. However, because of the unbalanced degree of economic development and the rural traditional educational thought, children’s education in some poor areas is still unoptimistic. As the marginalized groups of public education, the vulnerable children have been considered by the whole society, especially for their educational problem that is focused by educators and sociologists. Shenmu county in Shaanxi province gets a great reputation for its coal resource, the rising of coal economy makes the local farmers’ living standards much better, which also leaves the large groups of migrant workers and the "purchasing marriage" criticized by the society, bringing about changes in the local peasant family structure. The change results in a lot of left-behind children, children in single parent families, and parents of sick children, special children, forming a local component is complex, not a family background of the vulnerable groups of children. The vulnerable children groups are due to the more families setbacks, the learning environment, mental health. These children’s learning ability has the obvious difference with normal children. Education for local vulnerable groups of children is still very prominent even in Shenmu county that has implemented12years of free education.This papar used questionnaire, personal interview and other research methods based on the theory of sociology and education. An in-depth field research method was used on investigating the vulnerable children in three towns and seven villages in Southern Shenmu county in terms of forming classification, background, present situation and the educational problems of vulnerable children, and educational problems of deep-seated reasons for the in-depth analysis, and put forward some suggestions and effective measures on how to improve the educational level of local vulnerable children and break the educational bottleneck. This paper argues that vulnerable children have obvious disadvantage in terms of educational ability, interpersonal skills, mental health and physical health compared with the normal children, the basic cause of these problems include the impact of family tragedies, the influence of social atmosphere,the lack of schooling and personal conditions and economic development. Based on the symbiosis theory, social theory and subjectivity education theory, this paper argues that solving the educational problem of vulnerable children, we have to build the systemic combination of family, school, society and personality for the vulnerable children’s education on the basis of families and schools’ adequate communication and collaboration, and parents’ care on the growth of children, schools’attention to the sorted education of vulnerable children, and policies system and social assistance system in the whole society to discover and solve every education problem the vulnerable children face in their growth, improving the educational quality of vulnerable children. The equal public education services will be shared by the child of the people who go to work in the city through the promotion of new urbanization, helping the people who work in the city from county solve the housing and social assurance problems by policy support, promoting civilization of children with disadvantages,and making more people come back to their home place to start a business by agricultural modernization to deal with the educational problems of vulnerable children.