German Degree System Reform, The Bologna Process

Bologna Process is the process of establishing European Higher Education Area. With the unification of higher education in the world, educational disunity in European countries appeared more and more defects. Without the education which was corresponding with the world education, the movement of European graduates was limited in the world labor market. Meanwhile, European higher education system couldn't attract teachers and students any more. So European countries paid more and more attention to seeking cooperation with others in education area. Under this background, Bologna Process came into being.In order to introduce Bologna Process more clearly, the first part of this thesis detailedly introduces the background of Bologna Process and its five steps in the process of development. At the same time, the first part also explains degree policy of higher education which has been improved in Bologna Process. The second part of this thesis includes: reviewing German degree system which was before Bologna Process; making a conclusion about arrangement and characters of historical German degrees. The more Bologna Process was carried out, the more limitations of traditional German degree system appeared. In order to join German degree system to international degree system, German has reformed its degree system. The third part of this thesis introduces reforms of German degree system under Bologna Process, including taking in British and American Bachelor degree and Master degree system; exploiting Joint degree and so on. Bologna Process not only has affected German educational development, but also brings some valuable experiences to China. The fourth part of this thesis clearly introduces the effect of reform of German degree system and especially highlights that the Process brings some valuable experiences to Chinese degree system construction. The valuable experiences which draw from German degree system reform are embodied as follows: promoting regional educational cooperation to reply the challenge of educational internationalization; building flexible higher education system; taking in credit system to make convenience for fostering intellectuals and the movement of intellectuals among universities; enhancing the cooperation with foreign countries to foster intellectuals in cooperative ways and so on.