Allocation Of Family Background And Educational Opportunities

In this research, we made expansion to the Cultural Reproduce and Resource Transformation modes, which are explanations about how the family background influence children's educational opportunity, and then discussed the mechanism of this influence. Based on the data of CGSS 2003, we testified the hypothesis by using Logisitic model. The results showed that family background has great influence on the streaming of middle school education and higher education; but during the different period of the P.R.C, the extent and mechanism of this influence are different. Family educational background has effects on the children's education streaming through the indirect influence mode, through the achievement in study of children as a intermediate variable, concrete effect mechanisms include cultural capital, human capital and educational expectation; Family SES has both direct and indirect influence, the indirect influence transforms family advantage into children's study achievement, effect mechanism is by providing high quality education condition and environment. The direct influence means intervening the streaming results by the resource exclusion mechanism, including economy, power/privilege resource exclusion and latent resource exclusion. Transverse and lengthways study shows that, for the high school education streaming, influence of family background majorly depends on family SES in the early days of reformation, along with the deepening of reformation, this influence augments, and the effect of family education background becomes significant and turns to be the major influence factor. For the higher education streaming, influence of family background is not significant in the first period, but in the second period, the influence of family education background augments rapidly. Study results also show that, there is very strong continuity between the streaming results of different educational stages, the streaming condition of the former stage has strong effect on the streaming of the following stage.