Special Physical Training Of College Orienteering Athletes

Orienteering is a kind of participation by the help of topographic maps and compass, in order to find the required number of plotting checkpoints on the map and in the shortest possible time to finish the race in the sport, is both a collective energy and intelligence of sports . It is a competitive sport is a leisure project in the country can be considered an emerging sport, after the vigorous promotion of various social forces, directional movement in recent years has been developing rapidly. Among them, the school is the fastest growing orienteering, sports groups, the highest technical level, particularly in universities,As college athletes have a directional movement on the physical, mental, psychological quality, high demand, and campus-specific conditions to the natural structure of the development of orienteering good site conditions, the directional movement in colleges and universities developing rapidly. At present, the competitive level of university basic orienteering on behalf of my highest level, the latest national team orienteering list shows teams of men and women national team of 10 athletes, respectively, without exception, they all come from domestic universities. Although, in recent years in China orienteeringDeveloped quickly, but our overall competitive level of directional movement and there is still a big gap between the foreign. Currently, directional movement of the training methods and means are also exploring stage.Orienteering physical training is to give the body enough energy reserve to meet the needs of the game. Orienteering race like the long distance track and field competition, fixed the distance and of our facilities, in the same climatic conditions, long distance athletes in the program ahead of time before the Mei lap speed, in order to achieve the desired goal, Moreover, each professional runners have their own stable of running rhythm before you can plan out in physical distribution; and orienteering competition in the field of complex terrain on the race, have taken every step to not the same road conditions encountered,It is not on the physical and rhythm to make accurate pre-judgment. Orienteering is a typical kind of physical endurance projects, physical fitness level of athletes in their competitive ability of dominant components and the core position. With the constant improvement of professional athletes, their physical fitness level of competition is often a critical factor in the decision.I mainly through the university's long-distance running coaches in China, orienteering coaches and experts conducted a questionnaire survey and interviews, through access to information and statistical data and comparative analysis of China's university physical training orienteering characteristics Players and the problems, to improve our universities competitive level of orienteering, orienteering athletes for both the selection of college reference. Results were as follows:1, orienteering in the space with extensive ductility, sexual orientation, there are intermittent in time; based on different terrain, running technical diversified and complicated.2, university orienteering athletes in general endurance training distance of 35-40 km, endurance training generally 2-4 km from the repeated use of the training, as far as possible carried out in the wild terrain; endurance training mainly trail running, endurance speed running, Fartlek running, long distance running and other sustainable methods. Control the intensity of endurance training is commonly used by heart rate and subjective feeling of exercise carried out grades.3, University Orienteering special speed endurance athletes commonly used 400-2000 m / * 8-15 group, the training methods used to repeat the training time while increasing brain activity to practice the methods of thinking. Absolute speed training with 30-100 m / * 6-8 group, the training method using high-intensity interval training method.4, orienteering competition obstacles exist in the characteristics of surface features, in addition to strengthening the power of endurance, and strength training should also pay attention to speed and improve the ability through the barrier. Muscular Strength Training with high load, low-repetition maximum strength training; action by special forces of resistance running, step and jump uphill Plyometric Depth Jump and other strength training.5, University of flexible training in orienteering athletes run targeted and closely related technologies and capabilities hip flexor, calf and thigh muscles gastrocnemius, training methods using dynamic stretching, static stretching and body nerve - muscle tension and so promote. Agility training should be focused on the technology commonly used in game action for repeated practice, and thus the prevention of sports injuries, improve coordination and flexibility.6, orienteering athletes Affect College Specific Fitness Training is a major factor: apparent contradiction between learning and training, training venues and lack of funds, degree of specialization is not enough coaches, training, conservative ideas, methods and means a lack of systematic and theoretical support for the lack of research low level.