Studie On The Nutrient Absorption Characteristics And Formula Fertilization Technology Of Polygonatum. Sibiricvm Red.

Polygonatum.sibiricum Red. is a plant of the family Liliaceae and perennial herb. Itsrhizome usually used as a traditional staple medicinal material. It is not only applied asmedicinal material but as ornamental plant and edible material. As ceaseless researches in therule of pharmacology, the market demand of Polygonatum.sibiricum Red.is increase withyears. Accordingly, the cultivation Polygonatum.sibiricum Red.is the primary source ofmedicinal materials. The manual cultivation techniques of Polygonatum.sibiricum Red.isincreasingly perfecting,However, there is short of the basic research in mineral nutrition andthe information of fertilization in Polygonatum.sibiricum Red.is unsystematic. In this thesis,Polygonatum.sibiricum Red.was taken as experimental materials, the relationship of thegrowing rules and effective content accumulation rules with nitrogen, phosphorus,potassiumfertilization were explored by field experiments,in order to determine the optimal dosage ofthe fertilizers, the optimum ratio of each element and the best application date according tothe growth-development law of Polygonatum. sibiricum Red., to form a standardizedproduction system. These results not only are one of the core content of GAP but areimportant contents in modernization of traditional Chinese medicine. It has importantsignificance to improving the planting level of Chinese herbal medicine, promoting Chineseherbal medicine industrialization, and developing international market of Chinese herbalmedicine. The main results were summarized as follows:1. The aerial of Polygonatum.sibiricum Red.growth increased significantly in60days(above in the middle of Jun) after germination. The most rapid period of dry matteraccumulation in stems and leaves is between60to126days after the seedling emergence butis between96to156days in rhizomes. The Polygonatum Polysaccharide content increasedrapidly between126to182days after emergence, but the content of the total Saponin ofPolygonatum was increased constantly.The highest absorption intensity period of nitrogen (N),phosphorus (P),and potassium (K) is in the day time of96and156days after the seedlingsemergence. Experimental results indicated that in actual production should apply base fertilizer, in order to promote growth of stems and leaves in the earlier stage,and apply topdressing in the96days(in the middle of July) and156days(in the last ten days ofSeptember)after germination to ensure later growth of rhizomes and effective contentaccumulation.2.The results of field experiment that using three factor D-saturation optimization designshow that the growth,yield and effective content accumulation were strongly impacted by rateof N,P,K fertilizer. N and N, P, K fertilizer in different ratio can improve the plant heightof Polygonatum. sibiricum Red. The influence degree of N, P,K for yield was in order of N,P,K combined application was N>P>K, for polysaccharide accumulation was N>K>P, N, Kfertilizer combined application strongly increased the polysaccharide accumulation; N, Kfertilizer application alone increased the total Saponin of Polygonatum content, howeverfertilizer application alone was opposite, the content of the total Saponin of Polygonatumincreased significantly with N, K and N, P fertilizer combined application.3. The content of N,P,K in the plant of Polygonatum.sibiricum Red. For different periodswith different fertilization treatments were different, the result show that the content of N, Kwas in order of stems and leaves>rhizomes, the law of P element was not obvious, but thenutrient absorption amount of N,P,K in rhizomes was much than in stems and leaves. Theresult of field experiment show that the reasonable use of N,P,K fertilization can increase theabsorption of N,P and K in the plant of Polygonatum.sibiricum Red.and the nutrientrequirement for100kg rhizome of Polygonatum.sibiricum Red.was1.822kgN;0.32kg P₂O₅;1.02kg K₂O,the formula is as follows: N:P₂O₅:K₂O=5.69:1:3.19.4.The results of field experiment that using three factor D-saturation optimization designshow that the influence degree of N,P,K for yield was in order of P>K>N, forpolysaccharide was N>K>P. According to frequency analysis and through simulatedoptimization, optimum fertilizer application scheme was N103.91-136.18kg/ha, P₂O₅121.39-124.27kg/ha,K₂O68.16-92.63kg/ha,in target yield of rhizome is3500-4500kg/ha and targetcontent of polysaccharide is80-95mg/g.The nutrient proportion of N, P, K is as follows N:P₂O₅:K₂O=1:0.89-0.91:0.5-0.68.