Study On Scientific Orientation And Characteristic Development Of High-Level Industrial Universities

Scientific orientation and characteristic development of high-level industrial universities is beneficial to the constructing of a multiple and open higher education system and can promote the optimal allocation of resources in macroscopic view, and at microcosmic level, it is also beneficial to running school rationally in order to improve its positive development. In this paper, literature research, survey research, case study have been used as research methods to study the proposition of scientific orientation and characteristic development of high-level industrial universities.Though scientific orientation and characteristic development has a very close relationship, there is not a natural logical relation without any proof between them. The orientation of high-level industrial universities should make stipulations from three aspects:the organization orientation in social system, the role orientation in academic system and the development elements' orientation in inner system. It's a reflection, direction, regulation and guidance of running universities. The orientation is not only a subjective choice of universities, but also the results of effects of public education power and social subject. It mainly embody as a combination of the government and universities, self-generating order and instructional classification. Take function orientation as a breakthrough point, a complete orientation content system can be constructed.School-running characteristics and characteristic development has interrelationship as well as mutual difference. The proposition of characteristic development is based on two basic premises:the same funds can bring more benefits on a higher platform; It can lift the overall level effectively through the process and results of unbalanced development. Its internal essence lies on resolving the contradiction between the shortage of resource and requirement of overall level lifting, and take resource inclination disposition as external form. Its external realization conditions include:higher education system which is regard as basic conditions of power and system; developing level of region,industry and society as basic economic condition and social culture which favorable to characteristic development. The internal realization conditions includes cultural condition, subject condition, resource condition and institutional condition. Characteristic development can realize the construction of characteristic systems in disciplines and specialties, talent training, scientific research and social service in the forms of relying on solid mechanisms, characteristic projects, disciplines and specialties, characteristic talents and research platforms. Take industry as the key word and the relationship between them as basis, this paper divide the developing history of industrial universities into three stages and centralized analysis its six realistic features. Take unobtrusive research as method and the items of management orientation in their self-assessment as foundation, this paper reveals the main problems in their orientations, analyse the external causes from the aspects of system, regulations, markets and culture, the internal causes on its special identity of public institution, lack of recognition on the essence of university and orientation, guiding function of school-running idea is not fully used, the imbalance of administrative power and academic power, decision layer are lack of the spirit of reform and innovation.Research on the typical case of Hua Zhong Agricultural University shows that its orientation has the following features:orientation centered in development, organic combination of internal and external conditions, complete content system and paying attention to stage improvement and target decomposition. From spontaneous to consciousness, its characteristic development process mainly includes four stages, that is cross cultivating, integrating, developing and consolidating,integral lifting. It can give us five inspirations on orientation:careful organization, objective analysis on internal and external conditions, operate with develop thinking and sense of strategy, construct complete orientation content system and extrude orientation on function, the whole target,characteristic and service directions, pay attention to stage improvement and target decomposition. The success experiences of its characteristic development embody a centralized reflection on the following:take individual idea and orientation as a guide, resource inclination disposition as guarantee, discipline construction as the core, factors' coordination as support and meeting the national strategic demands as guide direction.Problems in orientation and development are mostly the results of traction by external logical power,so the solution should be not only strategy and path but also policy designing. The core contents are power transfer and organizational attribution reform, to establish reasonable university classification standard and regulate the university ranking system, to reform and perfect the evaluation system, the financial allocation mode, the leadership system and information service mechanism, introduce industry operation mechanism and market competition mechanism, lead mainstream social culture. Orientation strategies for high-level industrial universities include the innovation of higher education notions, strength subjective consciousness on orientation, decision layer should play its critical roles, organizing carefully following normative procedures, comparative analysis on internal and external environment, creative thinking. The paths of characteristic development include cultivating culture which is helpful to characteristic development, establishing elastic organization and combining with multiple-pattern, taking resource inclination disposition as guarantee, perfecting related systems and mechanisms, handling th relationship between the external forces and internal forces,strengthen the strategic leadership and advance the executive ability. In addition, the strategy of characteristic development may causes potential influence or associated problems. Such as the potential problems caused by the characteristics of power structure of internal organization, the potential influence caused by the lack of management of the external stakeholders, potential influence by the facts of multi-goals and difficult quantification, potential influence by the interest conflict between different departments. We must pay special attention to and manage to take it under control.