Comparative Research On Efficiency Of Scientific And Technological Innovation In Universities In Tianjin And Shanghai

In 21st century,the era of information knowledge economy,scientific and technological innovation has become the key factor that contributes to win the competition superiority in different countries and regions. In today's society economic integration of science and technology and knowledge-based economy are of great significance and international competition is mainly embodied in the competition of scientific and technological innovation. In National Innovation System, enterprises act as the main bodies of scientific and technological innovation and load arduous history mission. Nevertheless enterprises are not the only one wheel. More scientific and technological innovation comes mainly from the other wheel - institutions of higher learning. As an important component in National Innovation System, some universities are constantly adjusting its social service functions, actively being involved in economic construction and enhancing the level of regional scientific and technological innovation as well as transforming it into economic productive achievement.For China Tianjin and Shanghai, whether ancient or modern, are of great significance, especially after the Reform and Opening up. Tianjin Binhai New Area and Shanghai Pudong New Area, respectively as China's growth poles, represent different strategic directions in different periods of economic construction. The sustainability in Tianjin and Shanghai esp. capability of improving scientific and technological innovation will be bound to have an important influence on China's economic construction.According to the status of domestic and international research on the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation, this paper studies on the Malmquist index approach which is based on data envelopment analysis (DEA), constructing the input-output index system to measure and calculate changes of efficiency in the scientific and technological innovation in 27 universities in Tianjin and Shanghai from 1996 to 2007.Changes of efficiency in scientific and technological innovation in universities in the two cities are analyzed and compared from the perspective of the technological efficiency and technological progress.Finally, on the basis of he theoretical and empirical research and the actual ituation as well as the present economic development in Tianjin, this paper brings forward ome suggestions to optimize the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in Tianjin.