Optimization Research On The Distribution Of Emergency Supplies Under Situations Of Major Natural Disasters

Natural disasters are a particular phenomenon occurs in the natural environment for human survival; their occurrence is often harmful to the development of the national economy and people’s lives and property safety, and even lead to social disorder. Major natural disasters are difficult to predict and destructive power, influence is felt in a wider range. The event will be a significant impact on the normal social order of production and life, and cause heavy casualties and property losses. China is one of the few countries who has the largest type of natural disaster, occurs most frequently, the most serious disaster losses. The annual economic losses caused by disasters accounted for a larger proportion of the country’s fiscal revenue. In recent years, emergency supplies security system was initially built in our country, the distribution of emergency supplies has also been a certain degree of attention. The optimization problem of the distribution of emergency supplies is a key link of the relief work; emergency supplies can efficiently rapid distribution to the affected point relationship whether it can successfully carry out the relief work. In this paper, based on the emergency supplies distribution of major natural disasters optimization problem has important theoretical and practical significance.This paper first reviewed the research status, use the theories and methods of the management of operations research based on major natural disaster causes, characteristics, the premise of analysis for the study of the demand and supply characteristics of emergency supplies after the disaster, the major natural disaster relief work in the emergency supplies distribution as the main object of study; based on strong timeliness and principle of public welfare, the first consideration the emergency supplies transport vehicle capacity constraints, the dynamic change of the road network to establish the emergency supplies dynamic allocation model, followed by consideration of disasters likely to suffer damage to the road network repair issues into emergency supplies distribution which unify and optimize the decision-making, that is part of emergency supplies for the road network in the repair of damaged sections of the establishment of emergency supplies distribution level programming model considered in the allocation process of the emergency supplies. Finally, according to the solving steps of the algorithm design, the use of computer simulation software to solve the example, feasible material distribution scheme, given the distribution of emergency supplies to the possible ways of optimization problems.There is still a certain gap between the level of emergency management in China and the United States, Japan and other developed countries, the distribution of emergency supplies work experience in decision-making was still mainly. This study will help to improve the distribution of scientific decision-making level of emergency supplies, and decision-making basis for the decision-makers of the disaster relief agencies.