| To reveal the morphological and physiology differences in male and female plants of Pistacia chinensis Bunge , identify male and female plants early and take effective measures to regulate female plants quantity reasonably, so as to maintain its high and stable yield, male and female plants of Pistacia chinensis Bunge were used as materials to study the differences of the main branch angles, leaf indexes, leaf areas, protective enzymes activities, MDA, soluble protein, soluble sugar, chlorophyll, tannin, endogenous hormones and polyamines contents, chemical reagent staining, peroxidase isoenzyme of leaf and petiole and so on. The results were as follows:1. The leaf indexes were 0.293 and 0.262, the annual length of branch were 15.75cm and 13.50cm in female and male plants, and there existed significant differences between female and male plants; the leaf areas were 10.89cm2 and 9.51 cm2, the main branch angles were 64.25°and 39.00°, and there existed very significant differences between male and female plants; It showed that the main branch angle of male plants was small, the tree crown was upright, on the contrary, the main branch angle of female plants was large, and the tree crown was open. There existed no significant differences of internode lengthes and the annual branch diameter between male and female plants.2. The activity of POD in female and male plants of P.chinensis Bunge leaves reached the maximum value which were 15.53 OD/g·FW and 21.31 OD/ g·FW in June 8, and showed significant differences on May 21 and June 8, during the growth periods, the activities of leaf POD in male plants were higher than that of female plants; The activities of SOD in male and female plants showed very significant differences on May 21,August 8, September 8 and October 8, and they were higher in female plants than that in male ones from May to June, while they were lower than that in male ones from July to October, The change of leaf SOD activities in female plants was great, it reached the maximum value of 22.50 OD/g·FW in June, and reached the minimum value of 7.18 OD/g·FW in early August; The activity of CAT in male and female plants showed very very significant differences on October 8, the activity of CAT in male plants reached the minimum value of 27.98 H2O2mg/g·FW on September 8, during the growth periods, the activities of CAT in male plants were higher than that of female ones. 3. There were no significant differences of MDA contents between male and female plants; Leaf soluble protein contents in female and male plants appeared the minimum values which were 5.06mg/g and 5.95mg/g on May 21, and reached the maximum value on October 8 which were 11.27mg/g and 12.84mg/g, during the growth periods, the contents of soluble protein in male plants were higher than that of female ones; Leaf soluble sugar contents in female and male plants reached the maximum value which were 0.018% and 0.026% on October 8, and showed significant differences, during the growth periods, the contents of soluble sugar in male were higher than that of female ones; There were no significant differences of leaf chlorophyll contents between male and female plants, and reached the minimum value of 1.21 mg/g and 1.29 mg/g on May 21; The contents of leaf tannin in male and female reached the maximum value which were 6.00%and 4.77% in May 21 and showed significant differences on May 21, August 8 and September 8, and showed very significant differences on June 8, July8 and October 8, the contents of tannin in male plants were lower than that of male ones in May and September, while higher than that in female ones from June to August and October.4. The contents of GA3 in female and male plants reached the maximum values which were 100.9μg/g·FW and 92.9μg/g·FW in October 8, and showed significant differences on May 21 and October 8, and very significant differences on June 8 to September 8, the contents of leaf GA3 in male plants were higher than that in female ones in May to July, while lower than that in female ones from August to October; There existed very significant differences of ABA contents between male and female plants on May 21 and July 8, and significant differences on August to October, they reached the minimum value of 222.0 ng/g·Fw and 340.1 ng/g·FW in May, during the growth periods, the leaf ABA contents in male plants were higher than that of female ones; IAA contents in female and male plants appeared the maximum values which were 984.8ng/gFW and 1000.6ng/g·FW on September 8, and showed very significant differences on August 8, showed significant differences on June 8, July 8, September 8 and October 8, during the growth periods, the leaf IAA contents in male plants were higher than that of female ones; The ratio of GA3/ABA in male and female plants reached the maximum difference values of 42.8 in September and the ratios of IAA/ABA reached the maximum difference values of 0.54 in May.5. There existed very significant differences of leaf Spd contents between male and female plants on June 8, August 8 and September 8, and significant different on May, July and October, they reached the maximum values of 47.9μg/g·FW and 42.8μg/g·FW in July, the leaf Spd contents in male plants were higher than that in male ones from May to June, while lower than that in female ones from July to October; Leaf Spm contents in female and male plants appeared the maximum values which were 24.3μg/g·FW and 34.5μg/g·FW on July 8, and showed very significant differences on October 8, and significant differences on July to September, during the growth periods, the leaf Spm contents in male plants were higher than that of female ones; The leaf Put contents in female and male plants reached the maximum value of 156.0μg/g·FW and 135.1μg/g·FW in September, and reached the minimum value of 24.8μg/g·Fw and 16.1μg/g·FW in early October, they showed very significant differences on July 8 and August 8, and significant differences onJune, September and October, during the growth periods, the leaf Put contents in male plants were lower than that of female ones.6. There were no colour differences of leaves stained by chemical reagent between female and male plants of P.chinensis Bunge.7. There existed significant differences of peroxidase isoenzymes among male and female leaves and petioles.The result showed that the peroxidase isoenzyme in female plants leaves bands were POD-1, POD-2, POD-3, POD-4, POD-5, but the male plants bands were POD-2, POD-3, POD-4, POD-5, the peroxidase isoenzyme in female plants petioles bands were POD-1’, POD-3’, POD-4’, POD-5’, but the male plants bands were POD-2’, POD-4’, POD-5’. POD-2’was male’s endemic bland, and POD-4’, POD-5’were the common bands of female and male petioles. |
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