Postgraduate Selection Methods Research

Graduate education is the highest level of the higher education, it is a symbol of national higher education level, and at the same time also reflects a national intelligence resources development and reserves, it mark a national science technology and economic competition ability. Graduate selection is the starting point and the key, it is a major way to select the high-level talents and top creative talents, the select way or not scientific, it will directly affects the entire graduate education quality and specifications. This paper adopted the research methods of literature analysis, combing the construction of the development and evolution course of the Chinese postgraduate selection methods, and summarizes the existing problems, and the foreign graduate selection and comparison, and learn from American, Britain, Germany, France, Japan countries’experience of the graduate selection, from multi-discipline theoretical angle of view to analyze influence main factors of the selection methods change, discussion the reform ideas, for the development of the Chinese postgraduate selection methods forward constructive opinions and suggestions.First of all, this article through the literature research of the construction of the development and evolution course of the Chinese postgraduate selection methods for more than30years, Graduate recruit were being recovery since1978in China, sets up a way of preliminary test add reexamine. After30years of evolution and development, still take the way of preliminary test add reexamine, the preliminary test divided into national curriculum tests, national joint examination, alone examination, recommend an exemption; By the start of the development of qualified reexamine to later competition reexamine and weighted reexamine. At the same time, to Chinese current graduate selection methods to carry on the analysis, points out that the existing involving links, comprehensive cost big; the preliminary test scientific shortage; the reexamine is the shortage of effectiveness and other problems.Secondly, this paper from much discipline Angle of view to human capital theory, knowledge management theory and stakeholder demand theory for analysis tools, to graduate selection involves the government, universities, teachers, students and the employing units and related interests needs analysis. At the same time, to foreign graduate selection of the comparative study, focusing on the introduction American, Britain, Germany, France, Japan countries’ ways of the graduate selection and characteristics. In the comparative analysis on the basis describe the enlightenment of reforming of the Chinese postgraduate selection methods.Finally, on the basis of the literature analysis and comparative analysis, this paper use multi-discipline theoretical to analyze and summarize influence factors of the selection methods change:graduate student human capital characteristics, the integrity of knowledge examines, the stakeholder needs, the graduate student the selection of the supply and demand, and the cost of selection, and learn from American, Britain, Germany, France, Japan countries’ experience of graduate selection, put forward from the development of the postgraduate scale in China, it should be combined with the practice of the education resources shortage in China, make a gradual reform, to carry out the recruitment separation of two paragraphs system, and pay attention to function orientation of the preliminary test and reexamine. Give priority to selection exam, recommend an exemption of services. The first section is the preliminary test (qualification examination), from the organization such as the ministry of education examination center, provincial education organizations to organization. And pay attention to safety, credibility and scientific of the examination. On the contents of the examination notices to reflect on the characteristics of the human capital, pay attention to integral knowledge examination. The second section is the reexamine (depth examination), the recruit students unit in the education departments under the framework to autonomous organize. Pay attention to apply the modern scientific means and methods, make the selection more economical, more effective, more just, more scientific, and to better promote the healthy development of the graduate education of China, improve the quality of graduate education and international competitiveness.