The Study Of The Loss Of Students In Rural Elementary And Secondary Schools

With the continuous development of compulsory education, China has embodied forced,universal, free full connotation of compulsory education, which marks China’s ruralcompulsory education that enters the "post-compulsory education" era. However, Whencountry vigorously promote the new stage of the connotative compulsory education, the"empty nest" phenomenon or " empty shell" phenomenon of primary and secondary schoolsin rural areas has aroused widespread concern in society, which is the sharp decline in numberof rural students of primary and secondary school. For rural public school, the direct cause ofthe "empty nest" is a huge loss of students, which is a relatively common phenomenon. Wheredo rural primary and secondary school students go? What cause the "empty nest"phenomenon and what kind of harm does it have? How is the effect of the formed measures?Has taken shape how policy responses? How to deal with this problem scientifically andrationally?To answer this question, the study observes the rural public elementary and secondaryschools and concerns about the "empty nest" phenomenon which is the steady decline in thenumber of students, trying to analyze the present situation of the rural compulsory educationinstitutions, the basic status quo of the loss of students and the main flow of the loss ofstudents through empirical research of participant observation and depth interviews. Thenfrom the perspective of urban and rural public service’s equalization and fair and from thepoint of view of relations of the “public–private” education, social mobility and the balanceof urban and rural development and so on, the research analyze the cause of the students’ lossof the rural public elementary and secondary schools. At the same time, through thecombination of theoretical analysis and empirical research, the research investigates andanalyzes the impact of rural compulsory education and rural development which will resultfrom the students’ loss of rural public elementary and secondary schools.The study finds that, whether it is from a macro or micro level, the number of the lossof public elementary and secondary students in rural areas is huge. From the direction ofstudents’ flow, the main direction of the loss of public elementary and secondary students in rural areas is the urban schools, especially in places where more migrant workers stay at.Dropping out of school, school-age children in decline, studying in city and attending privateschools in rural areas are one of the manifestations. In different places and different schools,there are different flows, with the overall multi-factors but a single factor determining thefacts. The reason for the phenomenon is complex, trying to create a push-pull model of thestudents’ loss, which consider that the impact of the labor economy and educationalphilosophy leading to the "Useless" is just the external tension to the loss of students, The realfactors that lead to the loss of students who are out of public schools are caused by the thrustof their own problems of public schools. Loss of students in public elementary and secondarystudents in rural areas will lead to impact on fair education, resource allocation, policyimplementation and urban-rural equalization. So the imbalance in urban and rural compulsoryeducation will be more serious. Therefore, we should take various measures, takecharacteristics and professional as the direction, achieve the successful transformation ofpublic schools in rural areas and improve the viability and educational competitiveness ofpublic primary and secondary schools in rural areas.