Research On The Balance Development In Compulsory Education

Since the establishment of People’s Republic of China, especially after reforming and opening to outside, China has achieved much across the country in terms of social reform, and its economic level witnessed great change. The constant improvement of material lives of people results in people’s pursuit of spiritual and cultural lives, of which, high-quality and fair education is most discussed livelihood issue of the people. However, due to different economic levels of different regions, the education development levels are different, especially between West and East, and between cities and rural areas, plus the uneven development of compulsory education itself, the fairness of compulsory education in rural areas is prominent. Taking anhui province as an example, this article illustrates the issues such as enhancing the even development of compulsory education and reducing the gap of compulsory education in vast rural areas.The Compulsory Education Law of the People’s Republic of China publicized and implemented in1986stipulates that China implements nine-year’s compulsory education system. From2006to2008, China carried out compulsory education free of charge across the country in several stages, including the expenditures of compulsory education in the scope of national finance security. In2011, all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) passed the inspection of "universal9-year’s compulsory education" conducted by the state. It took25years for China to popularize free compulsory education in urban and rural areas, basically settling the education for school-age children, and laying a solid foundation for improvement of cultivation of nationals. However, there are still obvious gaps among different regions and schools, and between cities and countries, in terms of schooling level and education quality, especially the unbalanced education resource distribution between urban and rural areas, and the sharp contradiction between people’s ever-increasing demand for high-quality education and insufficient supply. With a view to adhere to the principle of people centric, improve overall development of people, settle the basic contradiction in the compulsory education, enhance the scientific development of education and fair education, establish harmonious socialistic society, further improve national cultivation and build a strong country of human resources, we should further improve the balanced development of compulsory education, enhance the education level in rural schools and the schools with poor conditions, fully improve the quality of compulsory education, and endeavor to offer good education to all school-age children. We should comply with following guiding principles on the even development of compulsory education currently and in the long run:overall planning of cities and countries and reducing their gap, actively enhance the standardization of compulsory education schools, reasonable and balanced allocation of resources such as teachers, equipment, books and schools, run each school well and guarantee the healthy growth of each student.The development compulsory education in rural areas is influenced by many factors, such as education management policy, economic development level, cultural values and ideas, and poor people in villages, resulting in disadvantages of rural schools in the fields of the degree of being recognized by the society, educational resources allocation and expenditure, compared with urban schools. To solve such a realistic issue and remove the obstructs of fair education, we should strengthen governmental functions, greatly develop rural economy, integrate rural and urban educational resources, enhance the cultivation of teachers and issue new policies on attaching importance on rural education.Through discussion of theories of compulsory education and analysis of current development status of compulsory education in rural areas in China, we should commence the research in the fields of economy, policy, family and society, and draw up basic countermeasures through developing rural economy, strengthening governmental responsibility, reasonable allocation of education resources, informationalization, teach cultivation, enrolment mechanism, protection of poor people and school supervision&evaluation policy, so as to enhance the balanced development of compulsory education in urban and rural areas, reduce their gap and constantly satisfy people’s ever increasing demand on high-quality education.