Research On Basic Education Equalization Of Gansu Province From The Angle Of Public Finance

Basic education is a groundbreaking project to improving national quality and cultivating talents. The equalization of basic education has attracted wide attention because it is directly relate to fairness of the starting point and equality of opportunity. In recent years, as the progress of economy and society, the degree of national’s attention on basic education has increased continuously, and the basic education has made a significant progress. In this context, Gansu Province fully implements the national basic education legal system, speeds up self-development. After basically popularizing nine-year compulsory education and basically eliminating illiteracy among the young and middle-aged, it has turned into promote the equalization of basic education.However, because of many reasons, in Gansu Province, equalization of basic education has a lot of difficulties. The unequal problem is serious. From the angle of public finance, financial input is insufficient and unbalance. Basic education is a public utility which the country must ensure. The public finance is the subject for basic education duties, due to its public belonging property. The sufficient and balanced financial security is the prerequisite to achieve the equalization of basic education. Therefore, the author hope to describe the status of basic education and equalization in Gansu Province, find out the main problems in the development of equalization, analyse the causes of unbalance, make a few public fiscal policy suggestions to promote basic education equalization from the angle of public finance.Under the above ideas, the article firstly introduces the background and significance of the research, and makes a definition for "basic education" and "equalization". With the theories of public finance, public goods, and basic public service equalization support, it puts forward my own concept and measure of "basic education equalization".Then the subject enters the main body of this article, it finds out the problems of basic education equalization in Gansu Province under the status description, including insufficient financial input, unclear government responsibility, un-equalization status between structure, regions, urban and rural areas, schools, students, irregular use of funds and so on. Following, it makes an analysis of reasons, including the lack and unbalance of local economic development, an asymmetry between property rights and the power, respective policies for urban and rural, imperfect transfer payment system, irregular input and use of funds and so on. At last the article makes a few fiscal policy suggestions to promote the equalization of basic education, including to increase financial input, to optimize the expenditure structure, to clear government responsibility, to standard transfer payment, to improve the subsidy system, to strengthen the supervision and management, and etc. The author believes, with the development of education finance system, the future of basic education in Gansu Province will be better, and the equalization level will be more and more high.